2006 in paleontology
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2006.
Plants
Ferns and fern allies
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dickwhitea[2] | Gen et sp nov | Valid | Karafit et al. | An athyriaceous fern | ||||
Trawetsia[3] | Gen et sp nov | Valid | Smith et al. | An athyriaceous fern | ||||
Sp nov | Valid | Serbet & Rothwell | A fern of uncertain affinity |
Angiosperms
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beardia[5] | Gen et sp nov | valid | Elliot, Mindell, & Stockey | Appian Way Flora | A juglandaceous fruit. |
Arthropods
Crustaceans
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov | Valid | Schweigert & Garassino | La Voulte-sur-Rhöne | A stenochirid. |
Insects
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Avitomyrmex[7] | Gen et 3 sp. nov | valid | Archibald, Cover, & Moreau | A myrmeciine bulldog ant | ||||
Emiliana[8] | Trib, Gen, et sp. nov | valid | Shcherbakov | Green River Formation | ||||
Eocenomyrma[9] | Gen et 3 sp nov | Valid | Dlussky & Radchenko | A Myrmicin ant | ![]() | |||
Feroseta[10] | Gen et sp nov | valid | Poinar | A mantidfly | ||||
Macabeemyrma[7] | Gen et sp. nov | valid | Archibald, Cover, & Moreau | A myrmeciine bulldog ant | ![]() | |||
Sp nov | valid | Archibald & Makarkin | An ithionid giant lacewing | |||||
Sp nov | valid | Archibald & Makarkin |
| An ithionid giant lacewing | ![]() | |||
Sp nov | valid | Archibald & Makarkin | An ithionid giant lacewing | |||||
Sp nov | valid | Archibald & Makarkin | Eocene Okanagan Highlands | An ithionid giant lacewing | ||||
Sp nov | valid | Archibald & Makarkin |
| An ithionid giant lacewing | ![]() | |||
Sp nov | valid | Nel & Auvray | A vespid wasp | ![]() | ||||
Polystoechotites[11] | Gen et 3 sp nov | valid | Archibald & Makarkin |
| An ithionid giant lacewing parataxon | ![]() | ||
Ypresiomyrma[7][13] | Gen, sp., et comb nov | valid | Archibald, Cover, & Moreau | A myrmeciine bulldog ant | ![]() |
Molluscs
Cephalopods
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tirolonautilus feltgeni[14] | Sp nov | Valid | Chirat, Vaslet & Le Nindre | A nautiloid. |
Tetrapodomorphs
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tiktaalik[15] | Gen et sp nov | Valid | Type species T. roseae. The Earliest Tetrapod. | ![]() |
Amphibians
Newly named temnospondylians
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iberospondylus[16] | Valid |
| Late Carboniferous | The type species is Iberospondylus schultzei. | ![]() | ||
Tirraturhinus[17] | Valid |
| Early Triassic | The type species is Tirraturhinus smisseni. | |||
Trematolestes[18] | Valid |
| Middle Triassic | The type species is Trematolestes hagdorni. | ![]() |
Newly named amphibians
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pangerpeton[19] | Valid |
| Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous | The type species is Pangerpeton sinensis. |
Ichthyosaurs
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maiaspondylus[20] | Valid |
| Early Cretaceous | The type species is Maiaspondylus lindoei. |
Lepidosauromorphs
Newly named basal lepidosauromorphs
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rautiania[21] | Valid |
| Late Permian | Vyasovka Formation | Two species was descript: Rautiania alexandri (type) and R. minchi. |
Newly named plesiosaurs
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bobosaurus[22] | Valid |
| Late Triassic | Rio del Lago Formation | The type species is Bobosaurus forojuliensis. | ||
Futabasaurus[23] | Valid |
| Late Cretaceous | The type species is Futabasaurus suzukii. | |||
Opallionectes[24] | Valid |
| Early Cretaceous | The type species is Opallionectes andamookaensis. | |||
Umoonasaurus[25] | Valid |
| Early Cretaceous | The type species is Umoonasaurus demoscyllus. |
Newly named squamates
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Najash[26] | Gen et sp nov | Valid | Apesteguia & Zaher | Late Cretaceous | Type sp N rionegrina. |
Turtles
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gigantatypus[27] | Valid |
| Muwaqqar Chalk Marl Formation | A sea turtle. The type species is G. salahi. |
Archosauromorphs
Newly named crurotarsans
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adamantinasuchus[28] | Valid |
| Late Cretaceous | A notosuchian. The type species is Adamantinasuchus navae. | ![]() | ||
Aldabrachampsus[29] | Valid |
| Pleistocene | A crocodylid. The type species is Aldabrachampsus dilophus. | |||
Effigia[30] | Valid |
| Late Triassic |
| A rauisuchian. The type species is Effigia okeeffeae. | ![]() | |
Isisfordia[31] | Valid |
| Early-Late Cretaceous | A eusuchian. The type species is Isisfordia duncani. | ![]() |
Newly named dinosaurs
- Vickaryous, M K., 2006, New information on the cranial anatomy of Edmontonia rugosidens Gilmore, a Late Cretaceous nodosaurid dinosaur from Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta: JVP, v. 26, n. 4: 1011–1013.
Data are courtesy of George Olshevky's dinosaur genera list.[32]
Name | Status | Authors | Location | Notes | Images | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adamantisaurus[33] | Valid taxon |
|
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Agujaceratops | Valid taxon |
|
| ![]() | ||
Alaskacephale[34] | Valid taxon |
| Apachycephalosaurid from Alaska. | ![]() | ||
Aniksosaurus[35] | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Antarctopelta.[36] | Valid taxon |
|
| An Ankylosaur from Antarctica | ![]() | |
Balochisaurus | Valid taxon |
| ||||
"Bayosaurus" | Nomen nudum |
| ||||
Cedrorestes[37] | Valid taxon |
| ||||
Dracorex[38] | Jr. Synonym |
|
| Jr. Synonym of Pachycephalosaurus. | ![]() | |
Dracovenator[39] | Valid taxon |
| An African Neotheropod related to Dilophosaurus. | ![]() | ||
Erketu[40] | Valid taxon |
| ||||
Europasaurus[41] | Valid taxon | Mateus Laven Knötschke vide:
|
| A basal macronarian sauropod exhibiting insular dwarfism. | ![]() | |
Fusuisaurus[42] | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Guanlong[43] | Valid taxon |
|
| A basal, crested Tyrannosauroid. | ![]() | |
Huanghetitan.[44] | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Jiutaisaurus[45] | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Juravenator[46] | Valid taxon |
| A feathered Compsognathid. | ![]() | ||
Khetranisaurus[citation needed] | Valid taxon |
| ||||
Koutalisaurus[47] | Jr. Synonym |
|
| Jr. Synonym of Pararhabdodon. | ||
Ligabuesaurus[48] | Valid taxon |
|
| An Argentine Titanosaur. | ||
Mantellisaurus[49] | Valid taxon |
| ![]() | |||
Mapusaurus[50] | Valid taxon | An Argentine Carcharodontosaur. | ![]() | |||
Marisaurus[citation needed] | Valid taxon |
| ||||
Maxakalisaurus[51] | Valid taxon |
|
| ![]() | ||
Othnielosaurus[52] | Valid taxon | ![]() | ||||
Pakisaurus[citation needed] | Valid taxon |
| ||||
Razanandrongobe[53] | Valid taxon |
|
| Described by the authors as a possible crocodylomorph or theropod. | ||
Sacisaurus[54] | Valid taxon |
|
| Possibly a Dinosaur. | ![]() | |
Sonidosaurus | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Sulaimanisaurus[citation needed] | Valid taxon |
| ||||
Theiophytalia[55] | Valid taxon |
|
| ![]() | ||
Tsaagan[56] | Valid taxon |
|
| ![]() | ||
Turiasaurus[57] | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Vitakridrinda.[citation needed] | Valid taxon |
| An Abelisaur from Pakistan. | |||
Xuanhuaceratops[58] | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Yamaceratops[59] | Valid taxon |
| ![]() | |||
Yinlong[60] | Valid taxon |
|
| ![]() | ||
Yuanmousaurus[61] | Valid taxon |
|
| |||
Zapalasaurus | Valid taxon |
|
| An Argentine Rebbachisaur. |
Newly named birds
Name | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abdounornis marinus [62] | Nomen Nudum | Thesis name | Bourdon | Early Ypresian | A species of Charadriiformes, Abdounornithidae. | |||
Aequornis traversei [62] | Nomen Nudum | Thesis name | Bourdon | Middle Eocene | A species of Pelagornithidae. | |||
Anas cheuen [63] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Agnolín | Early or Middle Pleistocene | Miramar Formation | A species of Anas. | ||
Valid | Gen et Sp. nov. | Zhonghe & Fucheng | An Ornithurae, type sp A. spathula. | |||||
Branta thessaliensis [65] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Boev & Koufos | Middle Turolian | An Anatidae. | |||
Cerebavis cenomanica [66] | Valid | Gen. et Sp. nov. | Kurochkin, Saveliev, Postnov, | An Enantiornithes, described from a brain endocast. | ||||
Corvitalusoides [67] | Valid | Gen. et Sp. nov. | Boles | Riversleigh | A Passeriformes Incertae Sedis. | |||
Cyanoliseus patagonopsis [68] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Hospitaleche & Tambussi | Miramar Formation | A Psittacidae. | |||
Dalingheornis [69] | Valid | Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. | An Enantiornithes, type species is Dal. liweii. | |||||
Dapingfangornis [70] | Valid | Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. | Li, Duan, Hu, Wang, Cheng, & Hou | An Enantiornithes, type species Dap. sentisorhinus | ||||
Valid | Sp. nov. | Subrecent | A Columbidae. | |||||
Ducula harrisoni [72] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Wragg & Worthy | Subrecent | Henderson Island | A Columbidae. | ||
Eclectus infectus [73] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Steadman | 'Eua, 'Anatu | A Psittacidae. | |||
Gallirallus ernstmayri [74] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Jeremy J. Kirchman & Steadman | New Ireland, Bismarck Archipelago | A Rallidae. | |||
Gallirallus pendiculentus [74] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Kirchman & Steadman | A Rallidae. | ||||
Gallirallus pisonii [74] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Kirchman & Steadman | A Rallidae. | ||||
Valid | Sp. nov. | Kirchman & Steadman | A Rallidae. | |||||
Gallirallus temptatus [74] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Kirchman & Steadman | Holocene | Rota | A Rallidae. | ||
Jungornis geraldmayri [76] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Mourer-Chauviré & Sigé | Late Eocene | A Jungornithidae | |||
Loxioides kikuchi [77] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Subrecent | |||||
Masillaraptor [78] | Valid | Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. | Middle Eocene | A Masillaraptoridae, type species M. parvunguis | ||||
Valid | Sp. nov. | Olson & Wingate | An Ardeidae. | |||||
Odontopteryx gigas [62] | Nomen Nudum | Thesis name | Bourdon | Early Ypresian | An Odontopterygidae | |||
Odontoptila inexpectata [62] | Nomen Nudum | Thesis name | Bourdon | Early Ypresian | An Odontopterygidae | |||
Pleistoanser [63] | Valid | Gen. et Sp. nov. | Agnolín | Early or Middle Pleistocene | Miramar Formation | An Anatidae. Type species is P. bravardi. | ||
Plesiocathartes major [80] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Weidig | Late Wasatchian | A Leptosomidae. | |||
Plesiocathartes wyomingensis [80] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Weidig | Late Wasatchian | A Leptosomidae. | |||
Porphyrio mcnabi [75] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Kirchman & Steadman | A Rallidae. | ||||
Pygoscelis calderensis [81] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Hospitaleche, Chávez, & Fritis | A Spheniscidae. | ||||
Pygoscelis grandis [82] | Valid | Sp. nov. | Walsh & Suárez | ?Early Pliocene | A Spheniscidae. | |||
Shanxiornis [83] | Valid | Gen. et Sp. nov. | Wang, Zhao, Hu, & Sun | Early Pleistocene | Sanmen Formation | A Phasianidae, type species is S. fenyinis | ||
Tonniornis [84] | Valid | Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. | Tambussi, Hospitaleche, Reguero, & Marenssi | Late Eocene | A Spheniscidae, two species T. mesetaensis & T. minimum | |||
Waimanu [85] | Valid | Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. | Slack, Jones, Ando, Harrison, Fordyce, Arnason, & Penny | Early Paleocene | Basic Waipara Greensand | A stem Spheniscidae. The type species is Wa. manneringi. Originally the second species, Wa. tuatahi, was assigned to this genus as well; Mayr et al. (2018) transferred this species to the separate genus Muriwaimanu.[86] | ||
Wieslochia [87] | Valid | Gen. et Sp. nov. | An early Passeriformes Incertae Sedis, type species is Wi. weissi |
Newly named pterosaurs
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cathayopterus[88] | Valid |
| Early Cretaceous | A pterodactyloid. The type species is Cathayopterus grabaui. | |||
Caviramus[89] | Valid |
| Late Triassic | A rhamphorhynchoid. The type species is Caviramus schesaplanensis. | |||
Longchengpterus[90] | Valid |
| Early Cretaceous | A pterodactyloid. The type species is Longchengpterus zhoai. | |||
Muzquizopteryx[91] | Valid |
| Late Cretaceous | Austin Group | The type species is Muzquizopteryx coahuilensis. | ||
Yixianopterus[92] | Valid |
| Early Cretaceous | A pterodactyloid. The type species is Yixianopterus jingangshanensis. |
Synapsids
Non-mammalian
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Herpetoskylax[93] | Valid |
| Late Permian | The type species is Herpetoskylax hopsoni. | |||
Elliotherium[94] | Valid |
| Upper Triassic | The type species is Elliotherium kerstenae (emmend.). | |||
Idelesaurus[95] | Valid |
| Upper Permian | The type species is Idelisaurus tataricus. | |||
Langbergia[96] | Valid |
| Early Triassic | The type species is Langbergia modisei. | |||
Nanogomphodon[97] | Valid |
| Middle Triassic | The type species is Nanogomphodon wildi. | |||
Oromycter[98] | Valid |
| The type species is Oromycter dolesorum. | ||||
Pachydectes[99] | Valid |
| Koonap Formation | The type species is Pachydectes elsi. | |||
Paraburnetia[100] | Valid |
| Upper Permian | The type species is Paraburnetia sneeubergensis. | |||
Protheriodon[101] | Valid | Bonaparte, Soares, & Schultz | Middle Triassic | Type sp P. estudianti. |
Mammals
Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthracoxyaena[102] | Disputed | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Oxyaenidae. Genus includes new species A. palustris. Subsequently, Solé, Gheerbrant & Godinot (2013) considered the genus Anthracoxyaena to be a junior synonym of the genus Arfia, though the authors maintained A. palustris as a distinct species within the latter genus.[103] | ||
Asiohyopsodus[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Hyopsodontidae. Genus includes new species A. confuciusi. | ||
Asioictops[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Leptictidae. Genus includes new species A. mckennai. | ||
Celaenolambda[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A possible member of the family Archaeolambdidae. Genus includes new species C. wangzhaoi. | ||
Chowliia[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Isectolophidae. Genus includes new species C. laoshanensis. | ||
Dianomomys[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A possible member of the family Paromomyidae. Genus includes new species D. ambiguus. | ||
Dissacus bohaiensis[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of Mesonychia belonging to the family Mesonychidae. | ||
Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of Mesonychia belonging to the family Hapalodectidae. | |||
Heterocoryphodon?yuntongi[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Coryphodontidae. | ||
Hylomysoides[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A possible member of the family Amphilemuridae. Genus includes new species H. qiensis. | ||
Luchenus[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Erinaceidae. Genus includes new species L. erinaceanus. | ||
Migrostylops[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of Arctostylopida belonging to the family Arctostylopidae. Genus includes new species M. roboreus and M. rosella. | ||
Pappomoropus[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Eomoropidae. Genus includes new species P. taishanensis. | ||
Paresthonyx[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of Tillodontia. Genus includes new species P. orientalis. | ||
Preonictis[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Hyaenodontidae belonging to the subfamily Proviverrinae. Genus includes new species P. youngi. | ||
Qilulestes[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A possible member of the family Amphilemuridae. Genus includes new species Q. schieboutae. | ||
Scileptictis[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Leptictidae. Genus includes new species S. simplus and S? stenotalus. | ||
Suyinia[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of Anagalida belonging to the family Pseudictopidae. Genus includes new species S. changleensis. | ||
Taishanomys parvulus[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A rodent. | ||
Talpilestes[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A possible member of the family Nyctitheriidae. Genus includes new species T. asiatica. | ||
Variviverra[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Viverravidae. Genus includes new species V. vegetatus. | ||
Wutucoryphodon[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Coryphodontidae. Genus includes new species W. xianwui. | ||
Wutuhyus[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of Suiformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Genus includes new species W. primiveris. | ||
Yupingale[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Astigalidae. Genus includes new species Y. weifangensis. | ||
Zodiocyon[102] | Valid | Tong & Wang | Early Eocene | Wutu Formation | A member of the family Miacidae. Genus includes new species Z. zetesios. |
Trace fossils
- The trace fossil genera Nihilichnus (Nihilichnus nihilicus and Nihilichnus mortalis), Machichnus (Machichnus regularis, Machichnus multilineatus, and Machichnus bohemicus) and Brutalichnus (Brutalichnus brutalis) are described from bite traces.[104]
References
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- ^ Smith, S. Y.; Stockey, R. A.; Nishida, H.; Rothwell, G. W. (2006). "Trawetsia princetonensis gen. et sp. nov.(Blechnaceae): a permineralized fern from the Middle Eocene Princeton Chert". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 167 (3): 711–719. doi:10.1086/501034. S2CID 85160532.
- ^ Serbet, R.; Rothwell, G (2006). "Anatomically Preserved Ferns from the Late Cretaceous of Western North America. II. Blechnaceae/Dryopteridaceae". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 167 (3): 703–709. doi:10.1086/500996. JSTOR 10.1086/500996. S2CID 84953835.
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- ^ Poinar, G Jr (2006). "Feroseta priscus (Neuroptera: Mantispidae), a new genus and species of mantidflies in Dominican amber". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 108 (2): 411–417.
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- ^ Nel, A.; Auvray, F. (2006). "The oldest Vespinae from the Paleocene of Menat (France) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)". Zootaxa. 1344: 59–62. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1344.1.5.
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