2017 Brazil prison riots
2017 Brazil prison riots | |
---|---|
Date | 1, 8, 24 January 2017 |
Attack type | Prison riot, beheading, hostage taking |
Deaths | 100+ |
Assailants | Família do Norte, Primeiro Comando da Capital, and Comando Vermelho gang members |
The 2017 Brazil prison riots were a confrontation between two criminal organizations, the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) and Comando Vermelho (CV), and their allies within prisons and peripheries of Brazilian cities. Its emergence is linked to the methods of the PCC to conquer new territories for drug trafficking, which involve the collection of insurance and economic centralization and whose rigid pseudo-state organization finds strong resistance from regional criminal organizations, with predominantly decentralized organization.[1]
Riots
The confrontation has taken the form of prison rebellions culminating in massacres. At the end of 2016, the first rebellion took place in Roraima with dead detainees. On January 1, 2017, 56 prisoners were killed after a riot at the Anísio Jobim (Compaj) Penitentiary Complex in Manaus, Amazonas, in the northern region of the country. Members of two rival gangs of drug trafficking, the Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC) and the Família do Norte (NDF) (allied to the Comando Vermelho (CV)) clashed in what was considered the most violent massacre in the history of the Brazilian prison system since the slaughter of Carandiru (1992).[2][3]
The next day, four more inmates were killed at another prison in Manaus. Five days later, 33 prisoners were killed in the Agricultural Penitentiary of Monte Cristo riot, located in the rural area of Boa Vista, Roraima, also in the North. According to Folha de S.Paulo, the massacre in Roraima was a response of the PCC to the rebellion commanded by the FDN in the Amazon.[4] Even more people were killed later on in the month.[5]
Some of the most recent riots within Brazilian prisons happened in January 2018 in the state of Ceara. These fights broke out because of rivaling gang members, The Guardians of the State and First Capital Command of São Paulo, being in such close quarters in the facility. This riot was just one in a series that has been occurring for a year and a half. At least 10 inmates were killed and eight were injured. The state of Ceara holds the highest number of inmates without conviction or sentencing throughout all of Brazil: two of every three inmates await trial. Inmates are notoriously more agitated throughout the process of awaiting trial, which may explain the high prevalence of fights at the Ceara facility.[6] Yet another riot that took place in January 2018 was in the state of Goias. Authorities claim nine prisoners were killed and 14 injured; one victim being decapitated. 106 prisoners escaped with authorities only recapturing 29 of them after regaining control of the facility. This riot was yet another cause of rivaling gang members being in too close of quarters. In this case, a gang entered the housing unit of a rivaling gang, setting their mattresses on fire and firing off weapons. The staff claims to have moved in quickly to get things under control, but not before 106 of the facilities’ inmates escaped.[7]
See also
- Agricultural Penitentiary of Monte Cristo riot, similar prison riot that occurred in Brazil the previous year
References
- ^ "Inmates beheaded in Brazil jail riot, 60 killed". Agence France-Presse via Philippine Daily Inquirer. 3 January 2017. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ McKirdy, Euan (2 January 2017). "At least 56 killed in Brazil prison riot over drug turf, officials say". CNN. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ Cowie, Sam. "56 killed, many beheaded, in grisly Brazil prison riot". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
- ^ Phillips, Dom (January 10, 2017). "Trail of slaughter in prisons shocks Brazilians as gang war explodes". The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com.
- ^ "At least 30 inmates killed in Brazil prison riot as gang war death toll rises". The Guardian. January 15, 2017 – via www.theguardian.com.
- ^ Langlois, Jill (2018-01-29). "Brazil has seen a wave of inmate riots. The latest one left 10 people dead". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-01-18.
- ^ "Brazil prison riot: Dozens on the run after deadly clashes". BBC News. 2018-01-02. Retrieved 2023-01-18.
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- 1804 Castle Hill convict rebellion
- 1830 Bathurst Rebellion
- 1846 Cooking Pot Uprising
- 1943 Featherston prisoner of war camp riot
- 1943 Sobibor extermination camp uprising
- 1943 Janowska concentration camp riot
- 1944 Cowra breakout
- 1946 Battle of Alcatraz
- 1953 Norilsk uprising
- 1953 Vorkuta uprising
- 1954 Kengir uprising
- 1959 Montana State Prison riot
- 1963 Pulau Senang prison riots
- 1971 Kingston Penitentiary riot
- 1971 Attica Prison riot
- 1974 Huntsville Prison siege
- 1976 HM Prison Hull riot
- 1980 New Mexico State Penitentiary riot
- 1985 Badaber Uprising
- 1985 Oklahoma State Penitentiary riot
- 1986 West Virginia State Penitentiary riot
- 1986 Peruvian prison massacres
- 1987 Atlanta prison riots
- 1988 Fremantle Prison riot
- 1989 SCI Camp Hill Pennsylvania riots
- 1989 Polish prison riots
- 1990 Leopoldov prison uprising
- 1990 Strangeways Prison riot
- 1990 Southport Correctional Facility riot
- 1991 Federal Correctional Institution, Talladega riot
- 1992 Carandiru massacre
- 1993 Southern Ohio Correctional Facility riot
- 1997 Khujand prison riot
- 2000 F-type prisons strike and riots
- 2001 Battle of Qala-i-Jangi
- 2003 Eagle Mountain riot
- 2004 Arizona State Prison Complex – Lewis riot
- 2006 North County Correctional Facility riot
- 2007 New Castle Correctional Facility riot
- 2008 United States Penitentiary, Florence riot
- 2008 La Mesa Prison riot
- 2009 Mexico prison riot
- 2011 HM Prison Ford riot
- 2012 Altamira prison brawl
- 2012 Apodaca prison riot
- 2012 Yare prison riot
- 2012 Welikada prison riot
- 2013 Uribana prison riot
- 2013 Palmasola prison riot
- 2015 Kaohsiung Prison riot
- 2016 Topo Chico prison riot
- 2016 Agricultural Penitentiary of Monte Cristo riot
- 2017 Kidapawan jail siege
- 2017 Brazil prison riots
- 2018 Valencia, Venezuela fire
- 2019 Acarigua prison riot
- 2019 Amazonas prison riots
- 2019 Altamira prison riot
- 2019 Cameroon prison riots
- 2020 Guanare prison riot
- 2020 Mahara prison riot
- 2021 February 2021 Ecuadorian prison riots
- 2021 September 2021 Guayaquil prison riot
- 2021 November 2021 Guayaquil prison riot
- 2021 Tula prison break
- 2022 Battle of al-Hasakah
- 2022 Tuluá prison riot
- 2023 Támara prison riot