Aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase

The enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.29) catalyzes the reaction

N-substituted aminoacyl-tRNA + H₂O ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ N-substituted amino acid + tRNA

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on carboxylic ester bonds. The systematic name is aminoacyl-tRNA aminoacylhydrolase. Other names in common use include aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleate hydrolase, N-substituted aminoacyl transfer RNA hydrolase, and peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase.

As of late 2007, 9 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1RYB, 1WN2, 1XTY, 2D3K, 2E1B, 2PTH, 2Z2I, 2Z2J, and 2Z2K.

• Jost JP, Bock RM (1969). "Enzymatic hydrolysis of N-substituted aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid in yeast". J. Biol. Chem. 244 (21): 5866–73. PMID 4981785.