Elmer Eric Schattschneider
- University of Wisconsin
- University of Pittsburgh
- Columbia University
- The Semisovereign People
- Research on political parties in the United States
- Freedoms Foundation Award[1]
- James L. McConaughy Memorial Award
Elmer Eric Schattschneider (August 11, 1892 – March 4, 1971) was an American political scientist.
Life and career
Schattschneider was born in Bethany, Minnesota. He received his BA and MA at the University of Pittsburgh and his PhD at Columbia University. He taught at Columbia, the New Jersey College for Women (now a section of Rutgers University), and Wesleyan University (1930–1960). Schattschneider was president of the American Political Science Association between 1956 and 1957 and is the namesake of its award for the best dissertation in the field of American politics. He died in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
Publications
Schattschneider's books include Politics, Pressures and the Tariff (1935), Party Government (1942), The Struggle for Party Government, (1948), Equilibrium and Change in American Politics (1958), The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America (1960) (for a discussion see: Mair, 1997[2]), and Two Hundred Million Americans in Search of a Government (1969).
Critique of pluralism
Along with the political scientist Theodore J. Lowi, Schattschneider offered perhaps "the most devastating" critique of the American political theory of pluralism: Rather than an essentially democratic system in which the many competing interests of citizens are amply represented, if not advanced, by equally many competing interest groups, Schattschneider argued the pressure system is biased in favor of "the most educated and highest-income members of society", and showed that "the difference between those who participate in interest group activity and those who stand at the sidelines is much greater than that between voters and nonvoters."[3]
In The Semisovereign People, Schattschneider argued the scope of the pressure system is really quite small: The "range of organized, identifiable, known groups is amazingly narrow; there is nothing remotely universal about it" and the "business or upper-class bias of the pressure system shows up everywhere." He says the "notion that the pressure system is automatically representative of the whole community is a myth" and, instead, the "system is skewed, loaded and unbalanced in favor of a fraction of a minority."[4] And "the flaw in the pluralist heaven is that the heavenly chorus sings with a strong upper-class accent."[5]
Notes
References
- Adamany, David. 1972. "The Political Science of E. E. Schattschneider: A Review Essay." The American Political Science Review 66 (December): 1321–1335. JSTOR 1957185 (subscription required)
- Schattschneider, Elmer Eric. 1960. The Semisovereign People: A Realist's View of Democracy in America. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN 978-0-03-013366-4.
- Woolley, Peter J. and Albert R. Papa. 1998. American Politics: Core Argument and Current Controversy. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-569757-3.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png)
- Elmer Eric E. E. Schattschneider Papers at Wesleyan University
- v
- t
- e
- Frank Johnson Goodnow (1903–1905)
- Albert Shaw (1905–1906)
- Frederick N. Judson (1906–1907)
- James Bryce (1907–1908)
- A. Lawrence Lowell (1908–1909)
- Woodrow Wilson (1909–1910)
- Simeon E. Baldwin (1910–1911)
- Albert Bushnell Hart (1911–1912)
- Westel W. Willoughby (1912–1913)
- John Bassett Moore (1913–1914)
- Ernst Freund (1914–1915)
- Jesse Macy (1915–1916)
- Munroe Smith (1916–1918)
- Henry Jones Ford (1918–1919)
- Paul Samuel Reinsch (1919–1920)
- Leo Stanton Rowe (1920–1921)
- William Archibald Dunning (1921–1922)
- Harry Augustus Garfield (1922–1923)
- James Wilford Garner (1923–1924)
- Charles Edward Merriam (1924–1925)
- Charles A. Beard (1925–1926)
- William B. Munro (1926–1927)
- Jesse S. Reeves (1927–1928)
- John A. Fairlie (1928–1929)
- Benjamin F. Shambaugh (1929–1930)
- Edward Samuel Corwin (1930–1931)
- William F. Willoughby (1931–1932)
- Isidor Loeb (1932–1933)
- Walter J. Shepard (1933–1934)
- Francis W. Coker (1934–1935)
- Arthur N. Holcombe (1935–1936)
- Thomas Reed Powell (1936–1937)
- Clarence Addison Dykstra (1937–1938)
- Charles Grove Haines (1938–1939)
- Robert C. Brooks (1939–1940)
- Frederic A. Ogg (1940–1941)
- William Anderson (1941–1942)
- Robert E. Cushman (1942–1943)
- Leonard D. White (1943–1944)
- John Gaus (1944–1945)
- Walter F. Dodd (1945–1946)
- Arthur MacMahon (1946–1947)
- Henry R. Spencer (1947–1948)
- Quincy Wright (1948–1949)
- James K. Pollock (1949–1950)
- Peter H. Odegard (1950–1951)
- Luther Gulick (1951–1952)
- E. Pendleton Herring (1952–1953)
- Ralph Bunche (1953–1954)
- Charles McKinley (1954–1955)
- Harold Lasswell (1955–1956)
- Elmer Eric Schattschneider (1956–1957)
- V. O. Key Jr. (1957–1958)
- R. Taylor Cole (1958–1959)
- Carl Brent Swisher (1959–1960)
- Emmette Redford (1960–1961)
- Charles S. Hyneman (1961–1962)
- Carl Joachim Friedrich (1962–1963)
- C. Herman Pritchett (1963–1964)
- David Truman (1964–1965)
- Gabriel Almond (1965–1966)
- Robert A. Dahl (1966–1967)
- Merle Fainsod (1967–1968)
- David Easton (1968–1969)
- Karl Deutsch (1969–1970)
- Robert E. Lane (1970–1971)
- Heinz Eulau (1971–1972)
- Robert E. Ward (1972–1973)
- Avery Leiserson (1973–1974)
- J. Austin Ranney (1974–1975)
- James MacGregor Burns (1975–1976)
- Samuel Beer (1976–1977)
- John Wahlke (1977–1978)
- Leon Epstein (1978–1979)
- Warren Miller (1979–1980)
- Charles E. Lindblom (1980–1981)
- Seymour Martin Lipset (1981–1982)
- William H. Riker (1982–1983)
- Philip Converse (1983–1984)
- Richard Fenno (1984–1985)
- Aaron Wildavsky (1985–1986)
- Samuel P. Huntington (1986–1987)
- Kenneth Waltz (1987–1988)
- Lucian Pye (1988–1989)
- Judith N. Shklar (1989–1990)
- Theodore J. Lowi (1990–1991)
- James Q. Wilson (1991–1992)
- Lucius Barker (1992–1993)
- Charles O. Jones (1993–1994)
- Sidney Verba (1994–1995)
- Arend Lijphart (1995–1996)
- Elinor Ostrom (1996–1997)
- M. Kent Jennings (1997–1998)
- Matthew Holden (1998–1999)
- Robert Keohane (1999–2000)
- Robert Jervis (2000–2001)
- Robert D. Putnam (2001–2002)
- Theda Skocpol (2002–2003)
- Susanne Hoeber Rudolph (2003–2004)
- Margaret Levi (2004–2005)
- Ira Katznelson (2005–2006)
- Robert Axelrod (2006–2007)
- Dianne Pinderhughes (2007–2008)
- Peter J. Katzenstein (2008–2009)
- Henry E. Brady (2009–2010)
- Carole Pateman (2010–2011)
- G. Bingham Powell (2011–2012)
- Jane Mansbridge (2012–2013)
- John Aldrich (2013–2014)
- Rodney E. Hero (2014–2015)
- Jennifer Hochschild (2015–2016)
- David A. Lake (2016–2017)
- Kathleen Thelen (2017–2018)
- Rogers Smith (2018–2019)
- Paula D. McClain (2019–2020)
- Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier (2020–2021)
- John Ishiyama (2021–2022)
- Lisa Martin (2022–2023)
- Mark E. Warren (2023–present)