Hydride selenide
Class of chemical compounds
Hydride selenides are mixed anion compounds containing both hydride and selenide ions. They are in the category of heteroanionic chalcogenides, or mixed anion compounds. Related compounds include the oxyhydrides, hydride sulfides, and hydride tellurides.
Formation
Salt-like hydride selenides may be formed by heating selenium with a metal hydride in an oxygen-free capsule. For rare earth elements, this method works as long as selenium has enough oxidising power to convert a +2 oxidation state to a +3 state. So for europium and ytterbium it does not work as the monoselenide is more stable.[1]
One transition metal complex was formed from a lithium zirconium hydride complex in solution reacting with diphenylphosphine selenide.[2]
Properties
With rare earth elements there are two structure depending on the size of the metal ions. The large atoms form a 2H hexagonal anti-nickel arsenide structure, with hydrogen inserted into tetrahedral positions. A 1H hexagonal structure is found in rare earth elements from gadolinium to lutetium, and yttrium.[3]
List
| formula | system | space group | unit cell Å | volume | density | comment | reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [η1-3,5-tBu2pz(η-Al)H)2Se] pz=pyrazolato | monoclinic | P21/n | a=14.385 b=11.035 c=16.522 β=98.90° Z=6 | 2591.1 | 1.265 | melt 272°C; colourless | [4] |
| Sc2H2Se | trigonal | P3m1 | a=3.5664 c=6.1166 | [1] | |||
| YHSe | hexagonal | P63/m2 | a=3.8333 c=3.8876 Z=1 | 5.64 | black; water insensitive; insulator | [1][5] | |
| Y2H2Se | trigonal | P3m1 | [1] | ||||
| [(C5Me5)2ZrH]2(μ-Se) | orthorhombic | Ccc2 | a=20.809 b=20.865 c=19.239 Z=8 | 8353 | 1.284 | red / orange | [2] |
| LaHSe | hexagonal | P63/mmc | a=4.1151 c=8.0036 Z=2 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| La2H2Se | trigonal | P3m1 | a=4.1268 c=6.8733 | [6] | |||
| La2H3Se | trigonal | P3m1 | a=4.139 c=6.960 | [6] | |||
| La2H4Se | trigonal | R3m | a=4.0542 c=22.609 | [6] | |||
| CeHSe | hexagonal | P63/mmc | a = 4.0636 c = 7.9481 Z=2 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| PrHSe | hexagonal | P63/mmc | a=4.0223 c=7.9183 Z=2 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| NdHSe | hexagonal | P63/mmc | a=3.9874 c=7.8888 Z=2 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| GdHSe | hexagonal | P63/m2 | a=3.8802 c=3.9260 Z=1 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| TbHSe | hexagonal | P63/m2 | a=3.8517 c=3.9066 Z=1 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| DyHSe | hexagonal | P63/m2 | a=3.8348 c=3.8874 Z=1 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| HoHSe | hexagonal | P63/m2 | a = 3.8156 c = 3.8728 Z=1 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| ErHSe | hexagonal | P63/m2 | a=3.7874 c=3.8636 Z=1 | bluish grey | [1] | ||
| LuHSe | hexagonal | P63/m2 | a=3.7474 c=3.8239 Z=1 | bluish grey | [1] |
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Schleid, Thomas; Folchnandt, Matthias (March 1996). "MHSe: The First Hydride Selenides of the Lanthanides (M = La-Nd; Gd-Er, Lu)". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 622 (3): 455–461. doi:10.1002/zaac.19966220312. ISSN 0044-2313.
- ^ a b Hoskin, Aaron J.; Stephan, Douglas W. (1999-06-01). "Decamethylzirconocene-Chalcogenide-Hydride Complexes". Organometallics. 18 (13): 2479–2483. doi:10.1021/om990180p. ISSN 0276-7333.
- ^ Folchnandt, Matthias; Rudolph, Daniel; Hoslauer, Jean-Louis; Schleid, Thomas (26 June 2019). "The rare earth metal hydride tellurides RE HTe ( RE =Y, La–Nd, Gd–Er)". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B. 74 (6): 513–518. doi:10.1515/znb-2019-0060.
- ^ Zheng, Wenjun; Mösch-Zanetti, Nadia C.; Roesky, Herbert W.; Noltemeyer, Mathias; Hewitt, Manuel; Schmidt, Hans-Georg; Schneider, Thomas R. (2000-12-01). "Alumoxane Hydride and Aluminum Chalcogenide Hydride Compounds with Pyrazolato Ligands". Angewandte Chemie (in German). 112 (23): 4446–4449. doi:10.1002/1521-3757(20001201)112:23<4446::AID-ANGE4446>3.0.CO;2-I.
- ^ Schleid, Thomas; Meyer, H.-Jürgen (November 1992). "Hydrogen-stabilized yttrium monoselenide". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 189 (1): 75–82. doi:10.1016/0925-8388(92)90049-F.
- ^ a b c Pflug, Christian; Rudolph, Daniel; Schleid, Thomas; Kohlmann, Holger (2022-04-08). "Hydrogenation Reaction Pathways and Crystal Structures of La 2 H 2 Se, La 2 H 3 Se and La 2 H 4 Se". European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2022 (10). doi:10.1002/ejic.202101095. ISSN 1434-1948.
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Salts and covalent derivatives of the selenide ion
| H2Se H2Se2 +H -H | He | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Li2Se | Be | SexByOz | CSe2 OCSe (CH3)2Se | (NH4)2Se | O | F | Ne | ||||||||||||||
| Na2Se | MgSe | Al2Se3 | Si | PxSey -P | +S | Cl | Ar | ||||||||||||||
| K2Se | CaSe | Sc2Se3 | TiSe2 | V | CrSe Cr2Se3 | MnSe MnSe2 | FeSe | CoSe | NiSe | CuSe | ZnSe | GaSe Ga2Se3 -Ga | GeSe GeSe2 -Ge | As2Se3 As4Se3 | Se2− n | Br | Kr | ||||
| Rb2Se | SrSe | Y2Se3 | Zr | NbSe2 NbSe3 | MoSe2 | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag2Se | CdSe | In2Se3 | SnSe SnSe2 -Sn | Sb2Se3 | Te | +I | Xe | ||||
| Cs2Se | BaSe | * | LuSe Lu2Se3 | Hf | TaSe2 | WSe2 WSe3 | ReSe2 | Os | Ir | PtSe2 | Au | HgSe | Tl2Se | PbSe | Bi2Se3 | Po | At | Rn | |||
| Fr | Ra | ** | Lr | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | CnSe | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |||
| * | LaSe La2Se3 | CeSe Ce2Se3 | PrSe Pr2Se3 | NdSe Nd2Se3 | Pm | SmSe Sm2Se3 | EuSe Eu2Se3 | GdSe Gd2Se3 | TbSe Tb2Se3 | DySe Dy2Se3 | HoSe Ho2Se3 | ErSe Er2Se3 | TmSe Tm2Se3 | YbSe Yb2Se3 | |||||||
| ** | Ac | ThSe2 | Pa | USe2 | Np | PuSe | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | |||||||
