Jamil Mahuad
Jamil Mahuad | |
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Mahuad in 2020 | |
41st President of Ecuador | |
In office 10 August 1998 – 21 January 2000 | |
Vice President | Gustavo Noboa |
Preceded by | Fabián Alarcón |
Succeeded by | Gustavo Noboa |
Metropolitan Mayor of Quito | |
In office 10 August 1992 – 10 August 1998 | |
Preceded by | Rodrigo Paz |
Succeeded by | Roque Sevilla |
Personal details | |
Born | Jorge Jamil Mahuad Witt (1949-07-29) 29 July 1949 (age 74) Loja, Ecuador |
Political party | Popular Democracy |
Spouse | Tatiana Calderón (m. 1971) |
Children | Paola Mahuad Calderón |
Alma mater | Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador |
[1]Jorge Jamil Mahuad Witt (born 29 July 1949) is an Ecuadorian lawyer, academic and former politician. He was the forty-first president of Ecuador from 10 August 1998 to 21 January 2000.
Early life
Mahuad was born in Loja, Ecuador. He is of Lebanese and German descent.[2]
Mahuad attended Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government, where he received a Master of Public Administration in 1989. He was a US State Department–sponsored Fulbright Fellow.[3]
Harvard University published a case study on Mahuad, called "Leadership and Negotiation: Ending the Western Hemisphere's Longest Running Border Conflict."
Presidency
Mahuad initially ran in the presidential election of 1988, coming in a distant fifth place. He then served as mayor of Quito from 1992 to 1998.
Ten years after his first presidential run, he won the presidential election by a very close margin. Álvaro Noboa, the defeated candidate, asked for a vote recount, which was denied by the authority responsible. There was a severe economic crisis in Ecuador (including the 1998–99 Ecuador banking crisis), which had led to a 60% cut in the armed forces budget. Mahuad's popularity rating fell from 60% in October 1998 to 6% in January 2000. In the final days of 1999, he announced the dollarization of the economy of Ecuador, along with a number of International Monetary Fund measures.
Mahuad was forced to resign after a week of demonstrations by indigenous Ecuadorians and a military revolt led by Lucio Gutiérrez.
He proposed economic reforms that produced the "dollarization" of the economy. He declared a freeze in bank accounts in order to control rampant inflation. This caused massive unrest as the lower classes struggled to convert their now useless Ecuadorian sucres to US dollars and lost wealth, while the upper classes (whose members already had their wealth invested in US dollars) gained[how?] wealth in turn. Under Mahuad's recession-plagued term, the economy shrank significantly, and inflation reached levels of up to 60 percent.
During Mahuad's presidency, a historic peace agreement with Peru was signed, resolving long-standing border disputes. Under the agreement, Ecuador renounced its claims to sovereignty of the disputed territory under the Rio de Janeiro Protocol, and in return, Peru deeded ownership of one km² of territory to Ecuador. Mahuad concluded the peace with Peru on 26 October 1998.[4]
Post-presidency
Mahuad is also a senior advisor at CMI International Group in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
In May 2014, Ecuador’s National Court of Justice sentenced him to twelve years jail term on embezzlement charges.[5]
References
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. (n.d.). Ecuador. Britannica School. Retrieved April 18, 2024, from https://school-eb-com.kentucky.idm.oclc.org/levels/middle/article/Ecuador/106215#25834.toc
- ^ Kurzman, Charles. "Islam in the Americas (slideshow[dead link])". 17 February 2006.
- ^ "Heads of State/Government". www.State.Gov. US State Department. 6 March 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
- ^ La difícil construcción de la sanidad pública en Ecuador, Loïc Ramirez, El Mundo diplomatico, febrero de 2018
- ^ "Ex-Ecuadorian president Jamil Mahuad jailed for 12 years". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
External links
- Extended biography (in Spanish) by CIDOB Foundation
- Text of the Rio Protocol
- Mahuad and Fujimori
Political offices | ||
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Preceded by | President of Ecuador 10 August 1998-January 21, 2000 | Succeeded by |
- v
- t
- e
- Juan José Flores
- Vicente Rocafuerte
- Juan José Flores
- José Joaquín de Olmedo
- Vicente Ramón Roca
- Manuel de Ascásubi
- Diego Noboa
- José María Urvina
- Francisco Robles
- Gabriel García Moreno
- Rafael Carvajal
- Jerónimo Carrión
- Pedro José de Arteta
- Javier Espinosa
- Gabriel García Moreno
- Manuel de Ascásubi
- Gabriel García Moreno
- Francisco León Franco
- José Javier Eguiguren
- Antonio Borrero
- Ignacio de Veintemilla
- Provisional Government
- José María Sarasti
- Luis Cordero Crespo
- Rafael Pérez Pareja
- Agustín Guerrero
- Pedro Ignacio Lizarzaburu
- José Plácido Caamaño
- Pedro José Cevallos
- Antonio Flores Jijón
- Luis Cordero Crespo
- Vicente Lucio Salazar
- Eloy Alfaro
- Leónidas Plaza
- Lizardo García
- Eloy Alfaro
- Carlos Freile Zaldumbide
- Emilio Estrada
- Carlos Freile Zaldumbide
- Francisco Andrade Marín
- Alfredo Baquerizo
- Leónidas Plaza
- Alfredo Baquerizo
- José Luis Tamayo
- Gonzalo Córdova
- First Provisional Government
- Luis Telmo Paz y Miño
- Luis Napoleón Dillon
- Pedro Pablo Garaycoa
- Francisco Gómez de la Torre
- José Rafael Bustamante
- Modesto Larrea Jijón
- Francisco Arízaga Luque
- Moisés Oliva
- Second Provisional Government
- Isidro Ayora
- Luis Larrea Alba
- Alfredo Baquerizo
- Carlos Freile Larrea
- Alberto Guerrero Martínez
- Juan de Dios Martínez
- Abelardo Montalvo
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Antonio Pons
- Federico Páez
- Alberto Enríquez Gallo
- Benigno Andrade Flores
- Manuel María Borrero
- Aurelio Mosquera
- Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río
- Andrés Córdova
- Julio Enrique Moreno
- Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río
- Julio Teodoro Salem
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Carlos Mancheno Cajas
- Mariano Suárez
- Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola
- Galo Plaza
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Camilo Ponce Enríquez
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy
- Military Junta of 1963
- Clemente Yerovi
- Otto Arosemena
- José María Velasco Ibarra
- Guillermo Rodríguez
- Supreme Council of Government
- Jaime Roldós Aguilera
- Osvaldo Hurtado
- León Febres Cordero
- Rodrigo Borja Cevallos
- Sixto Durán Ballén
- Abdalá Bucaram
- Rosalía Arteaga
- Fabián Alarcón
- Jamil Mahuad
- Gustavo Noboa
- Lucio Gutiérrez
- Alfredo Palacio
- Rafael Correa
- Lenín Moreno
- Guillermo Lasso
- Daniel Noboa