Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the three two-member county divisions of Norfolk were replaced with six single-member divisions, including the newly created North-Western Division of Norfolk, largely formed from northern parts of the abolished Western Division. It was abolished at the next redistribution of seats under the provisions of the Representation of the People Act 1918, when it was largely absorbed by the expanded constituency of King's Lynn. It was re-established for the February 1974 general election, replacing the abolished King's Lynn constituency.
The present constituency includes two former Parliamentary Boroughs, those of Castle Rising, which was abolished as a 'rotten borough' in 1832, and King's Lynn, abolished in 1918.
The first MP in the re-established constituency was Christopher Brocklebank-Fowler, who had gained King's Lynn, largely a bellwether seat, from one of Harold Wilson's government colleagues in the Labour Party. He therefore effectively held the seat in the two 1974 elections, and in 1979; however, by March 1981, he became distanced from the Conservatives and defected to the newly formed Social Democratic Party shortly before the 1983 Conservative landslide, in which Brocklebank-Fowler lost his seat to the replacement Conservative candidate Henry Bellingham.
Bellingham increased his precarious lead over Brocklebank-Fowler at the 1987 general election. Therefore, at the following election, Brocklebank-Fowler chose to contest another seat[n 3] and Labour's candidate regained second place in this constituency, almost doubling their share of the vote. Labour gained the seat at the 1997 general election; however, Bellingham regained the seat at the 2001 general election and subsequently increased his majority in both 2005 and 2010.
The 2010 election saw political party infighting when the Labour candidate for North West Norfolk, Manish Sood[n 4][2] stated in an interview with the local newspaper Lynn News that Gordon Brown was "the worst prime minister we have had in this country". This gained national attention and resulted in Labour disowning their candidate. Sood did not attend the count and stated he would watch it from his home in Leicester.[3] He ended up finishing third, behind Bellingham and the Liberal Democrat candidate William Summers, whose party received their best ever result in the constituency,[4] with an 18.3% swing from Labour to the others.[5][6][7] Labour's share of the vote fell from a winning 43.8% in the 1997 election to just 13.3% in 2010, marking the steepest decline from the start to end of the thirteen years of Labour government.
Bellingham's majority fell slightly in 2015, but he retained the seat in the 2017 general election with 60% of the vote, having been knighted in the New Year's honours list of 2016. He did not stand at the 2019 election and was succeeded as the Conservative candidate by James Wild who won the seat with a record majority of 42.7%.
Constituency profile
Norfolk North West constituency covers an extensive hinterland in the far corner of East Anglia - remote from London, but close to Lincolnshire and the East Midlands, with which the area shares more economic links.
A minority of King's Lynn contain severe poverty marked by unemployment,[8]social housing dependency and social problems - within relatively affluent East Anglia, only Jaywick and Great Yarmouth from 2001 to 2004 scored higher in deprivation indices. Contrasted with this is the bulk of the area: the tourist resort Hunstanton, retail, military, public sector and commercial activity of Kings Lynn and the royal estate at Sandringham, along with many small villages and more than 50% undulating cultivated farmland — incomes and types of dwelling are close to the national average.
Boundaries and boundary changes
1885–1918
The Municipal Borough of King's Lynn; and
The Sessional Divisions of Brothercross, Freebridge Lynn, Freebridge Marshall, and Gallow and Smithdon.[9]
As King's Lynn formed a separate Parliamentary Borough, only non-resident freeholders of the Borough were entitled to vote in this constituency.
On abolition, the bulk of the Division was amalgamated with the abolished Parliamentary Borough of King's Lynn to form the new King's Lynn Division of Norfolk. Eastern areas, including Fakenham, were transferred to the Northern Division.
1974–1983
The Municipal Borough of King's Lynn;
The Urban Districts of Hunstanton and Wells-next-the-Sea; and
The Rural Districts of Docking, Freebridge Lynn, Marshland, and Walsingham.[10]
The re-established constituency was formed from the abolished constituency of King's Lynn with the addition of Wells-next-the-Sea and the Rural District of Walsingham, which included Fakenham, transferred from North Norfolk. (This area is currently in the constituencies of North Norfolk and Broadland.)
1983–2010
The Borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk wards of Burnham, Chase, Clenchwarton, Creake, Dersingham, Docking, Gayton, Gaywood Central, Gaywood North, Gaywood South, Grimston, Heacham, Hunstanton, Lynn Central, Lynn North, Lynn South West, Mershe Lande, Middleton, North Coast, Priory, Rudham, St Lawrence, St Margaret's, Snettisham, Spellowfields, The Walpoles, The Woottons, Valley Hill, West Walton, West Winch, and Wiggenhall.[11][12]
Wells-next-the-Sea and areas comprising the former Rural District of Walsingham, including Fakenham, were transferred back to North Norfolk. Minor realignment of the boundary with South West Norfolk.
Map of boundaries 2010-2024
2010–2024
The Borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk wards of Brancaster, Burnham, Clenchwarton, Dersingham, Docking, Fairstead, Gayton, Gaywood Chase, Gaywood North Bank, Grimston, Heacham, Hunstanton, North Lynn, North Wootton, Old Gaywood, Priory, Rudham, St Margaret's with St Nicholas, Snettisham, South and West Lynn, South Wootton, Spellowfields, Springwood, Valley Hill, Walpole, and West Winch.[13]
The Borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk wards of: Bircham with Rudhams; Brancaster; Burnham Market & Docking; Clenchwarton; Dersingham; Fairstead; Gayton & Grimston; Gaywood Chase; Gaywood Clock; Gaywood North Bank; Heacham; Hunstanton; Massingham with Castle Acre; North Lynn; St. Margaret’s with St. Nicholas; Snettisham; South & West Lynn; Springwood; Terrington; The Woottons; Walsoken, West Walton & Walpole; West Winch.[14]
Minor net gain from South West Norfolk following changes to local authority ward boundaries.
^A county constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
^As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
^"The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume two: Constituency names, designations and composition – Eastern". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
^"Thousands celebrate Diwali event". BBC News. 28 October 2008. Archived from the original on 5 December 2009. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
^PM attack Labour candidate stayed at home [1][permanent dead link] Diss Express 6 May 2010
^Chris Bishop (8 May 2010). "Henry Bellingham increases his NW Norfolk majority". Norwich Evening News.
^"Election 2010: Brown worst PM says Labour candidate". BBC News. 16 April 2010. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
^"Brown is 'worst PM ever'". BBC News. 16 April 2010. Archived from the original on 5 May 2010. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
^Mason, Trevor (4 May 2010). "Disowned candidate Manish Sood unrepentant over PM blast". The Independent. Archived from the original on 5 May 2010. Retrieved 5 May 2010.
^Great Britain, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. The public general acts. unknown library. Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports, 1884.
^"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1970". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
^"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
^"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
^"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
^"The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule I Part 2 Eastern region.
^ abLeigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "N" (part 2)
^"STATEMENT OF PERSONS NOMINATED AND NOTICE OF POLL" (PDF). King's Lynn and West Norfolk Council. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
^"Notional results for a UK general election on 12 December 2019". Rallings & Thrasher, Professor David Denver (Scotland), Nicholas Whyte (NI) for Sky News, PA, BBC News and ITV News. UK Parliament. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
^"Norfolk North West Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
^ ab"Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
^ abc"Norfolk North West 2015". electionresults.blogspot.co.uk. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
^ ab"West Norfolk Greens hold AGM". lynnnews.co.uk. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
^http://www.libdems.org.uk/general_election_candidates#East Archived 19 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine of England
^"Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
^"Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Politics". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 March 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
^"Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
^"Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
^"Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.