Northern Wars
"Northern Wars" is a term used for a series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe from the 16th to the 18th century,[1] primarily between the territorial rivals of the Swedish Empire, Tsardom of Russia, Poland–Lithuania, and Denmark–Norway. The Great Northern War is generally considered to have concluded the Northern Wars with the decline of Sweden and establishment of the Russian Empire as the principal power of the region, however there are different scholarly opinions on which war constitutes the First Northern War and an internationally agreed-on nomenclature for these wars has not yet been devised.[2]
Conflicts of the Northern Wars
Depending upon what date is chosen for the starting point, the Northern Wars comprise:
- The Russo-Swedish War (1554–1557), "First Northern War" according to Arvo Viljanti[2]
- The Livonian War (1558–1583), "First Northern War" according to Klaus Zernack[2]
- The Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570), "First Northern War" according to some Polish historians[2]
- The Russo-Polish War (1654–1667), also known as the "Thirteen Years' War"; "First Northern War" according to some Russian historians[2]
- The Second Northern War (1655–1660), "First Northern War" according to traditional English, German, Russian and Scandinavian historiography, in Poland known as Swedish Deluge[2]
- The Scanian War (1674–1679), also called "Swedish-Brandenburgian War" by German historians
- The Great Northern War (1700–1721), also "Third Northern War"[2] or "Second Northern War"[3]
See also
- Russo-Swedish Wars
- Polish–Swedish wars
- Dano-Swedish War
- List of armed conflicts involving Poland against Russia
- Polish–Teutonic War
- Thirty Years' War, 1618 to 1648
- Early modern warfare
Sources
References
Bibliography
- Frost, Robert I (2000). The Northern Wars. War, State and Society in Northeastern Europe 1558-1721. Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-06429-4.
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Russia
- Russo-Crimean Wars
- Russo-Kazan Wars
- Russo-Swedish War (1554–1557)
- Livonian War
- Russian Conquest of Siberia (1580–1747)
- Russo-Turkish War (1568–1570)
- Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595)
- Polish–Muscovite War (1605–1618) and the Time of Troubles
- Ingrian War
- Smolensk War
- Russo-Persian War (1651–1653)
- Sino-Russian border conflicts (1652–1689)
- Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
- Deluge
- Second Northern War
- Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681)
- Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700)
century
- Great Northern War
- Russo-Turkish War (1710–1711)
- Russo-Persian War (1722–1723)
- War of the Polish Succession (1733–1738)
- Austro-Russian–Turkish War (1735–1739)
- War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748)
- Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)
- Seven Years' War
- Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
- Bar Confederation
- Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
- Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
- Russo-Polish War (1792)
- Russian colonization of North America
- Kościuszko Uprising
- Russo-Persian War (1796)
- War of the Second Coalition
- War of the Third Coalition
- Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)
- War of the Fourth Coalition
- Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)
- Anglo-Russian War
- Finnish War
- War of the Fifth Coalition
- French invasion of Russia
- War of the Sixth Coalition
- War of the Seventh Coalition
- Russian conquest of the Caucasus
- Caucasian War
- Russo-Persian War (1826–1828)
- Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)
- November Uprising
- Hungarian Revolution of 1848
- Crimean War
- Amur Annexation
- January Uprising
- Russian conquest of Central Asia
- Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
- Boxer Rebellion
century
- Russo-Japanese War
- Russian occupation of Tabriz
- World War I
- Russian Civil War
- Ukrainian–Soviet War
- Kazakhstan Campaign
- Finnish Civil War
- Sochi conflict
- Heimosodat
- Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919
- Georgian–Ossetian conflict (1918–1920)
- Polish–Soviet War
- Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan
- Red Army invasion of Armenia
- Red Army invasion of Georgia
- Red Army intervention in Mongolia
- East Karelian uprising
- Central Asian Revolt
- August Uprising
- Urtatagai conflict (1925–1926)
- Sino-Soviet conflict (1929)
- Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929)
- Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930)
- Chechen uprising of 1932 [ru]
- Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
- Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
- Xinjiang War (1937)
- World War II
- Soviet invasion of Poland
- Winter War
- Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940)
- Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
- Continuation War
- Eastern Front (World War II)
- Soviet re-occupation of the Baltic states (1944)
- Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
- Soviet–Japanese War
- Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
- Guerrilla war in Ukraine
- Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953)
- Ili Rebellion
- First Indochina War
- Korean War
- East German uprising of 1953
- Hungarian Revolution of 1956
- Vietnam War
- Vlora incident
- Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
- Sino-Soviet border conflict
- War of Attrition
- Eritrean War of Independence
- Angolan Civil War
- Ogaden War
- South African Border War
- Soviet–Afghan War
- Gulf War
- Soviet OMON assaults on Lithuanian border posts
- First Nagorno-Karabakh War
- War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)
- South Ossetia war (1991–1992)
- Transnistria War
- Georgian Civil War
- Tajikistani Civil War
- First Chechen War
- War of Dagestan
- Second Chechen War
century
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