Painful bruising syndrome

Medical condition

Painful bruising syndrome
Other names	Autoerythrocyte sensitization, Gardner–Diamond syndrome, and psychogenic purpura.
Specialty	Dermatology

Painful bruising syndrome, also known as autoerythrocyte sensitization, Gardner–Diamond syndrome, and psychogenic purpura, is an idiopathic trauma-induced condition seen in young to middle-aged women who sometimes manifest personality disorders.^[1]^: 829 It is characterized by a distinctive localized purpuric reaction occurring primarily on the legs, face and trunk, with recurring painful ecchymoses variably accompanied by syncope, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding.^[2]

Patients with this condition can experience frequent painful bruising around joints and muscles. Because of the rarity of the disorder, there are few methods of support in place for patients.^[3]

Many patients are labelled with the stigma of having a psychological condition without this having a specifically proven link. There have been cases of painful bruising syndrome reported where there are no additional psychological disorders. This has been known to be put into remission with chemotherapy. It was characterized in 1955 by Frank Gardner and Louis Diamond.^[4]^[5]

References

^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
^ Ivanov, OL; Lvov, AN; Michenko, AV; Künzel, J; Mayser, P; Gieler, U (2009). "Autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome (Gardner-Diamond syndrome): review of the literature**". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 23 (5): 499–504. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03096.x. ISSN 0926-9959. PMID 19192020. S2CID 27542376.
^ synd/3229 at Who Named It?
^ GARDNER FH, DIAMOND LK (July 1955). "Autoerythrocyte sensitization; a form of purpura producing painful bruising following autosensitization to red blood cells in certain women". Blood. 10 (7): 675–90. doi:10.1182/blood.V10.7.675.675. PMID 14389381.

External links

Classification	D ICD-10: D69.2 MeSH: C535645 DiseasesDB: 31475
External resources	Orphanet: 324636

v t e Cutaneous vasculitis and other vascular-related cutaneous conditions
Cutaneous vasculitis	Erythema elevatum diutinum Capillaritis Urticarial vasculitis Nodular vasculitis
Microvascular occlusion	Calciphylaxis Cryoglobulinemic purpura/Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis vascular coagulopathy: Livedoid vasculopathy Livedoid dermatitis Perinatal gangrene of the buttock Malignant atrophic papulosis Sneddon's syndrome
Purpura	Nonthrombocytopenic purpura: Cryofibrinogenemic purpura Drug-induced purpura Food-induced purpura IgA vasculitis Obstructive purpura Orthostatic purpura Purpura fulminans Purpura secondary to clotting disorders Purpuric agave dermatitis Pigmentary purpuric eruptions Solar purpura Traumatic purpura Waldenström hyperglobulinemic purpura Painful bruising syndrome ungrouped: Paroxysmal hand hematoma Postcardiotomy syndrome Deep vein thrombosis Superficial thrombophlebitis Mondor's disease Blueberry muffin baby Fibrinolysis syndrome
Systemic vasculitis	see Template:Systemic vasculitis
Vascular malformations	Arteriovenous malformation Bonnet–Dechaume–Blanc syndrome Cobb syndrome Parkes Weber syndrome Sinusoidal hemangioma lymphatic malformation Hennekam syndrome Aagenaes syndrome telangiectasia: Generalized essential telangiectasia Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia
Ulcer	Venous ulcer Arterial insufficiency ulcer Hematopoietic ulcer Neuropathic ulcer Acroangiodermatitis
Lymphedema	see Template:Lymphatic vessel disease
Ungrouped vascular-related cutaneous conditions	Raynaud's phenomenon Thromboangiitis obliterans Erythromelalgia Septic thrombophlebitis Arteriosclerosis obliterans Bier spots/Marshall–White syndrome Cholesterol embolus Reactive angioendotheliomatosis Trousseau's syndrome