Po Tisuntiraidapuran
- View a machine-translated version of the Vietnamese article.
- Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
- Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
- You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Vietnamese Wikipedia article at [[:vi:Po Tisuntiraidapuran]]; see its history for attribution.
- You may also add the template
{{Translated|vi|Po Tisuntiraidapuran}}
to the talk page. - For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
Po Tisuntiraidapuran | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ruler of Champa | |||||||||
Ruler of Champa | |||||||||
Reign | 1780–1781, 1786-1793 | ||||||||
Predecessor | Po Tisuntiraydapaghoh? | ||||||||
Successor | Po Chongchan (recognized by Tây Sơn dynasty) Po Krei Brei & Po Ladhuanpuguh (recognized by Nguyễn lord) | ||||||||
Born | Băl Canar, Panduranga, Champa (in present-day Phan Rí Cửa, Tuy Phong District, Bình Thuận Province, Vietnam) | ||||||||
Died | 1793 Gia Định, Đàng Trong, Đại Việt (in present-day Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) | ||||||||
|
Po Tisuntiraidapuran (?–1793) was a ruler of the Panduranga Kingdom of Champa (in Vietnamese, Thuân Thành) who ruled from from 1780 to 1781 or 1782, and again from 1786 to 1793. His Vietnamese name was Nguyễn Văn Tá (阮文佐). He ruled in a difficult time, when the Tây Sơn wars ravaged Vietnam. The ruler generally supported the Tây Sơn rebels against Nguyễn Ánh and was finally executed by the last-mentioned.
The Cham chronicles say that Po Tisuntiraidapuran was not (closely) related to his immediate predecessors,[2] though he may have been a descendant of Po Saktiraydapatih. He was originally a Cham lord under king Po Tisuntiraydapaghoh, who followed the Tây Sơn and fought the forces of the Nguyễn lord in southern Vietnam. Allegedly, he killed some envoys of the Tây Sơn ruler Nguyễn Nhạc. The blame for the murders was put on Po Tisuntiraydapaghoh who was deposed and executed by the Tây Sơn.[3] Instead, Po Tisuntiraidapuran was appointed ruler of Champa with the title cai cơ by "the Vietnamese king" (either Nguyễn Nhạc or Nguyễn Ánh).[4] His position was extremely tenuous, since Champa was a badly afflicted victim of the Vietnamese civil war since 1771. The fate of the small polity was entirely dependent on the outcome of the strife between the Tây Sơn dynasty and the Nguyễn lords.[5][6]
Po Tisuntiraidapuran is said by the Cham chronicles to have ruled for one year and then forced to flee in the year of the Buffalo (1781). It is not clear where he fled. Historical tradition explains that the old king left a son in Cambodia, Po Krei Brei, who managed to prove his father's innocence. Po Tisuntiraidapuram, however, found support from the mother of the Vietnamese ruler, and escaped punishment.[7] However, the chronology of events is not clear: Vietnamese chronicles say that the Tây Sơn rebels invaded Bình Thuận in 1782 and were approached by Po Tisuntiraidapuran who submitted to them.[6] He offered the royal seals to the Tây Sơn leaders and was later on regarded as a traitor by Nguyễn Ánh. Inconsistent with this, the Cham chronicles speak of an interregnum for two years (1781-1783). This was followed by the brief reign of Po Krei Brei (1783-1786) who was appointed by Nguyễn Nhạc but fled from Champa after three years. Now Po Tisuntiraidapuran was appointed ruler for the second time by Nguyễn Nhạc, in the year of the Horse (1786).[8]
According to the Cham chronicles, Po Tisuntiraidapuran managed to retain power over Champa for eight years. However, Vietnamese sources suggest a more complicated situation; they say that Nguyễn Ánh fought the Tây Sơn in the region in 1790, and appointed Po Krei Brei (Nguyễn Văn Chiêu) as governor of the Cham lands with the title Khâm Sai Chuởng Cơ. At the same time another Cham notable, Po Ladhuanpuguh (Nguyễn Văn Hào) was instrumental in conquering the Phanri region for Nguyễn Ánh and was made governor of three highland districts.[4][9] There were therefore a few competing Cham rulers at the time.
In 1793, Phanri was definitely secured by the army of Nguyễn Ánh. Po Tisuntiraidapuran was defeated and forced to flee with the Tây Sơn general Hô Van Thự. He was however captured by the forces loyal to Nguyễn Ánh and Po Ladhuanpuguh. He was executed in Đồng Nai (adjacent to Gia Định, present-day Ho Chi Minh City).[10] Since then, Champa rulers did not use the title Thuận Thành trấn phiên vương (順城鎮藩王, "Vassal king of Thuận Thành trấn");[4] Champa was regarded as a chiefdom under Vietnamese thổ ty system.
In the collection of historical records Archives royales du Champa, there are two documents related to him.[1]
References
- ^ a b Hai văn thư chính thức của vua Champa dưới thời Tây Sơn
- ^ Étienne Aymonier (1889) "Grammaire de la langue chame. XXIV: Traduction de la chronique royale", Excursions et reconnaissances 14, p. 91.[1]
- ^ Étienne Aymonier (1890) "Legendes historiques des Chams", Excursions et reconnaissances 14, p. 178.[2]
- ^ a b c Đại Nam chính biên liệt truyện sơ tập , vol. 33
- ^ Lịch trình biến cố Champa theo niên đại
- ^ a b Lịch sử 33 năm cuối cùng của vương quốc Champa
- ^ Étienne Aymonier (1890) "Legendes historiques des Chams", Excursions et reconnaissances 14, p. 178.[3]
- ^ Po Dharma (1983) "Études Cam V. A propos de l'exil d'un roi cam au Cambodge", Bulletin de l'École Francais d'Extrême-Orient 72, p. 259-60.[4]
- ^ Po Dharma (1983) "Études Cam V. A propos de l'exil d'un roi cam au Cambodge", Bulletin de l'École Francais d'Extrême-Orient 72, p. 259, 262.[5]
- ^ Po Dharma (1983) "Études Cam V. A propos de l'exil d'un roi cam au Cambodge", Bulletin de l'École Francais d'Extrême-Orient 72, p. 259-60.[6]
Preceded by | Champa rulers 1780–1781?, 1786–1793 | Succeeded by Po Chongchan (recognized by Tây Sơn dynasty) Po Krei Brei & Po Ladhuanpuguh (recognized by Nguyễn lord) |
- v
- t
- e
Lâm Ấp
192-605
Xitu
- Khu Liên
- Phạm Hùng
- Phạm Dật
- Phạm Văn
- Phạm Phật
- Bhadravarman I (Phạm Hồ Đạt)
- Gangaraja (Phạm Địch Chớn)
- Manorathavarman
- Gangarajavarman II (Phạm Địch Văn)
- Phạm Dương Mại I
- Phạm Dương Mại II
- Phạm Thần Thành
- Phạm Đang Căng Thuần
- Phạm Chư Nông
- Phạm Văn Tẩn
- Devavarman (Phạm Thiên Khởi)
- Vijayavarman
- Rudravarman I
Chiêm Thành
875–1471
- Jaya Sambhuvarman
- Kandarpadharma (Fan Touli)
- Prabhasadharma (Fan Zhenlong)
- Bhadresvaravarman
- Daughter of Kandarpadharma (female)
- Vikrantavarman I
- Naravahanavarman
- Vikrantavarman II
- Rudravarman II
- Prithindravarman
- Satyavarman
- Indravarman I
- Harivarman I
- Vikrantavarman III
- Indravarman II
- Jaya Simhavarman I
- Saktivarman
- Bhadravarman II
- Indravarman III
- Jaya Indravarman I
- Paramesvaravarman I
- Indravarman IV
- Lieou Ki-Tsong (Lưu Kế Tông)
- Harivarman II
- Yang Bo Zhan
- Sri Vijayavarman (Yang Pu Ku Vijaya)
- Harivarman III
- Paramesvaravarman II
- Vikrantavarman IV
- Jaya Sinhavarman II
- Jaya Paramesvaravarman I
- Bhadravarman III
- Rudravarman III
- Harivarman IV
- Jaya Indravarman II
- Paramabhodhisatva
- Harivarman V
- Jaya Indravarman III
- Rudravarman IV
- Jaya Harivarman I
- Jaya Harivarman II
- Jaya Indravarman IV
- Suryajayavarmadeva (Khmer vassal)
- Suryavarmadeva (Khmer vassal)
- Jaya Indravarman V (Khmer vassal)
- Khmer occupation
- Jaya Paramesvaravarman II
- Jaya Indravarman VI
- Indravarman V
- Jaya Sinhavarman III (Chế Mân)
- Jaya Sinhavarman IV (Chế Chí)
- Chế Năng
- Jaya Ananda (Chế A Nan)
- Maha Sawa (Trà Hòa Bố Để)
- Po Binasuor (Chế Bồng Nga)
- Jaya Simhavarman V (La Ngai)
- Indravarman VI (Ba Đích Lại)
- Virabhadravarman
- Maha Kali (Ma Kha Quý Lai)
- Maha Vijaya (Ma Kha Bí Cai)
- Maha Kaya (Ma Kha Quý Do)
- Maha Saya (Bàn La Trà Duyệt)
- Maha Sajan (Bàn La Trà Toàn)
- Maha Sajai (Bàn La Trà Toại)
Principality of Thuận Thành
1471–1835
- Jayavarman Mafoungnan (Bố Trì Trì)
- Po Kabih
- Po Krut Drak
- Po Maha Sarak
- Po Kunarai
- Po At
- Po Klong Halau
- Po Nit
- Po Chai Paran
- Po Ehklan
- Po Klaong Mah Nai
- Po Rome
- Po Nraup (Bà Tấm)
- Po Saktiraydapaghoh
- Po Jatamah
- Po Saut (Bà Tranh)
- Vietnamese occupation
- Po Saktiraydapatih (Kế Bà Tử)
- Po Ganuhpatih
- Po Thuntiraidaputih
- Po Rattiraydaputao
- Po Tisundimahrai
- Po Tisuntiraydapaghoh
- Po Tisuntiraidapuran (Nguyễn Văn Tá)
- Po Chongchan
- Po Krei Brei (Nguyễn Văn Chiêu)
- Po Ladhuanpuguh (Nguyễn Văn Hào)
- Po Saong Nyung Ceng (Nguyễn Văn Chấn)
- Po Bait Lan
- Po Klan Thu (Nguyễn Văn Vĩnh)
- Po Phaok The (Nguyễn Văn Thừa)
- Po War Palei (La Bôn Vương)