Santa Croce Crucifix (Donatello)
The Santa Croce Crucifix is a polychrome wood sculpture by Donatello, perhaps from c.1406-1408, or 1409–10.[1] If the former is the correct dating, then Donatello was a young artist working in Lorenzo Ghiberti's workshop and beginning to get his own commissions. It is now in the Cappella Bardi di Vernio, just off the left transept of Santa Croce in Florence, Italy.
History
According to the Book of Antonio Billi (a manuscript of about 1515 in the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze), quoted and added to in Vasari's Lives of the Artists, the work was originally in the church's cappella Barbigia. There it was criticised by Donatello's friend Filippo Brunelleschi (who had gone with him to Rome) as showing a "contadino" (farmer) on a cross, that is for its unusual realism. This spurred Brunelleschi to produce for Santa Maria Novella in c.1410-1415 his own crucifix - Donatello's first sight of that work made him drop the eggs he was carrying.
The Anonimo Magliabechiano, probably writing in the 1530s or 1540s, also attributes the work to Donatello, as does Vasari in a letter to Matteo Benvenuti dated 29 December 1571 recording its move to its present chapel. A few art historians have disputed this attribution and instead assigned the work to Nanni di Banco or another sculptor. Johnson identifies the work in Billi, Magliabechiano and Vasari with the crucifix at the Bosco ai Frati Monastery, but that work is now generally considered to date to between 1450 and 1499 instead.[2]
References
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- Madonna of the Apple (c. 1400–1425)
- Santa Croce Crucifix (c. 1406–1408)
- David (marble, 1408–1409)
- Huldschinsky Madonna (attributed; c. 1410–1430)
- Saint Mark (1411–1413)
- Saint George and Saint George Freeing the Princess (c. 1415–1417)
- Marzocco (1418–1420)
- Zuccone (1423–1425)
- Saint Louis of Toulouse (1423–1425)
- San Rossore Reliquary (1424–1427)
- Tomb of Antipope John XXIII (1424–1427)
- Tomb of Cardinal Rainaldo Brancacci (c. 1427–1428)
- The Baptism of Christ (1425)
- The Feast of Herod (1425)
- Pazzi Madonna (c. 1425–1430)
- The Ascension with Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter (c. 1428–1430)
- Madonna of the Cords (c. 1433–1435)
- Putti candle-holders (1434–1439)
- Saint John the Baptist (1438)
- Sagrestia Vecchia
- Madonna and Child (attributed; c. 1440)
- Madonna and Child with Four Cherubs (c. 1440)
- Amore-Attis (c. 1440–1443)
- Piot Madonna (c. 1440 or 1460)
- David (bronze, c. 1440s)
- Basilica del Santo Crucifix (1444–1447)
- Chellini Madonna (c. 1450)
- Equestrian statue of Gattamelata (1453)
- Penitent Magdalene (1453–1455)
- Lamentation over the Dead Christ (c. 1455–1460)
- Judith and Holofernes (1457–1464)