Texas tortoise
Texas tortoise | |
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Conservation status | |
Least Concern (IUCN 2.3)[1] | |
CITES Appendix II (CITES)[2] | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Order: | Testudines |
Suborder: | Cryptodira |
Superfamily: | Testudinoidea |
Family: | Testudinidae |
Genus: | Gopherus |
Species: | G. berlandieri |
Binomial name | |
Gopherus berlandieri (Agassiz, 1857) | |
Synonyms[3] | |
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The Texas tortoise (Gopherus berlandieri) is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species G. berlandieri is one of six species of tortoises that are native to North America.
Geographic range
G. berlandieri is found from southern Texas southward into the Mexican states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas.
Etymology
The specific epithet, berlandieri, is in honor of naturalist Jean Louis Berlandier, who worked for the Mexican government on one of the first biological surveys of Texas.[1][4] As such, some sources refer to it as Berlandier's tortoise.[4][5]
Biology
The Texas tortoise, unlike other species of gopher tortoise, is not an adept burrower. Its preferred habitat is dry scrub and grasslands. Succulent plants, a preferred food of the Texas tortoise, are common in these areas. It especially likes the fruit of cacti such as the prickly pear.
Conservation status
Though considered an animal of low concern by the IUCN Red List, the Texas tortoise is listed as a threatened species in the state of Texas, and thus protected by state law. It is illegal to collect or possess them. The Mexican federal government lists Gopherus berlandieri as A (= Threatened) in Mexico.[6] Likewise, using Environmental Vulnerability Scores, Gopherus berlandieri scored 18, a high vulnerability species on a scale of 0–20, in evaluations of both Tamaulipas and Nuevo Leon herpetofauna.[7][8] In 2018, the IUCN Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group recommended a re-assessment and re-classification of all six Gopherus species.[9] This reclassification would move G. berlandieri from Near Endangered (NE) to Near Threatened (NT).[9]
Gallery
- Texas tortoise (Gopherus berlandieri), Val Verde Co, Texas, USA (2005).
- Gopherus berlandieri, Bee Co. Texas, USA (June 2011).
- Gopherus berlandieri, Bee Co. Texas, USA (2011).
- Elongated gular scutes of male, Bee Co. Texas, USA (2011).
- Texas tortoise (Gopherus berlandieri), northern Tamaulipas, Mexico (2007).
- Texas tortoise (Gopherus berlandieri), Bee Co. Texas, USA (2023).
- ^ Tortoise & Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (1996). "Gopherus berlandieri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9401A12983179. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9401A12983179.en. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
- ^ "Appendices". CITES. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. 4 May 2023. Retrieved 9 May 2023.. Note: Protected as a member of the Testudinidae.
- ^ Fritz, Uwe; Havaš, Peter (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World". Vertebrate Zoology. 57 (2): 280–281. doi:10.3897/vz.57.e30895. ISSN 1864-5755.
- ^ a b Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Berlandier's Tortoise Gopherus berlandieri ", p. 24).
- ^ Bour, Roger (2016). "Where and when was Jean Louis Berlandier born? Notes on Jean Louis Berlandier. I.". Bibliotheca Herpetologica 12 (1 & 2): 18–40.
- ^ Official Mexican STANDARD NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, Environmental Protection-Native species of Mexico of wild flora and fauna-Risk categories and specifications for inclusion, exclusion or change-List of species at risk. STANDARD NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 PDF
- ^ Terán-Juárez, S. A., E. García-Padilla, V. Mata-Silva, J. D. Johnson, and L. D. Wilson (2016). "The herpetofauna of Tamaulipas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation". Mesoamerican Herpetology 3: 43–113.
- ^ Nevárez-de los Reyes, M., D. Lazcano, E. García-Padilla, V. Mata-Silva, J. D. Johnson, and L. D. Wilson (2016). "The herpetofauna of Nuevo León, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation". Mesoamerican Herpetology 3: 558–638.
- ^ a b Rhodin, Anders G. J.; Stanford, Craig B.; van Dijk, Peter Paul; Eisemberg, Carla; Luiselli, Luca; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Hudson, Rick; Horne, Brian D.; Goode, Eric V.; Kuchling, Gerald; Walde, Andrew (December 2018). "Global Conservation Status of Turtles and Tortoises (Order Testudines)". Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 17 (2): 135–161. doi:10.2744/CCB-1348.1. ISSN 1071-8443. S2CID 91937716.
References
External links
- Tortoise & Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group (1996). "Gopherus berlandieri ". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996. IUCN: e.T9401A12983179. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9401A12983179.en. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
- Species Gopherus berlandieri at The Reptile Database
- Texas tortoise
- Texas tortoise care sheet
- v
- t
- e
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Reptilia
- Subclass: Anapsida
- Order: Testudines
- Suborder: Cryptodira
- Superfamily: Testudinoidea
- Family: Testudinidae
Species of the tortoise family |
- Aldabra giant tortoise (subspecies:
- A. g. arnoldi
- †A. g. daudinii
- A. g. hololissa)
- †Aldabrachelys abrupta
- †Aldabrachelys grandidieri
- Chaco tortoise
- Red-footed tortoise
- Yellow-footed tortoise
- †Chelonoidis alburyorum
- †Chelonoidis cubensis
- †Chelonoidis lutzae
- †Chelonoidis monensis
- †Chelonoidis sellovii
- †Chelonoidis sombrerensis
- Cerro Azul giant tortoise
- Chatham Island giant tortoise
- Eastern Santa Cruz tortoise
- Fernandina Island tortoise
- †Floreana Island tortoise
- Hood Island giant tortoise (Diego)
- Santa Fe Island tortoise
- †Pinta Island tortoise †(Lonesome George)
- Santiago Island giant tortoise
- Pinzón Island giant tortoise
- Sierra Negra giant tortoise
- Volcán Alcedo giant tortoise
- Volcán Darwin giant tortoise
- Volcán Wolf giant tortoise
- Western Santa Cruz tortoise
- †Cheirogaster bacharidisi
- †Cheirogaster gymnesica
- †Cheirogaster schafferi
- †Hadrianus corsoni
- †Hadrianus majusculus
- †Hadrianus octonaria
- †Hadrianus robustus
- †Hadrianus schucherti
- †Hadrianus utahensis
- †Hadrianus vialovi
- †Stylemys botti
- †Stylemys calaverensis
- †Stylemys canetotiana
- †Stylemys capax
- †Stylemys conspecta
- †Stylemys copei
- †Stylemys emiliae
- †Stylemys frizaciana
- †Stylemys karakolensis
- †Stylemys nebrascensis
- †Stylemys neglectus
- †Stylemys oregonensis
- †Stylemys pygmea
- †Stylemys uintensis
- †Stylemys undabuna
- Hermann's tortoise
- Kleinmann's tortoise
- Marginated tortoise
- Spur-thighed tortoise
- †Testudo brevitesta