Vinyl fluoride
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Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name Fluoroethene | |
Other names Vinylfluoride, Fluoroethylene, Monofluoroethylene, Vinyl fluoride monomer, VF, R 1141, UN 1860 (inhibited) | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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Beilstein Reference | 1731574 |
ChEBI |
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ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.757 ![]() |
EC Number |
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Gmelin Reference | 130238 |
KEGG |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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InChI
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Properties | |
Chemical formula | C2H3F |
Molar mass | 46.04 g/mol |
Appearance | Colorless gas |
Odor | faint, ethereal[1] |
Density | 0.636 g/cm3 |
Melting point | −160.5 °C (−256.9 °F; 112.6 K) |
Boiling point | −72.2 °C (−98.0 °F; 201.0 K) |
Slightly soluble | |
Vapor pressure | 25.2 atm (370.4 psi) |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
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Danger | |
H220, H280, H341, H350, H373 | |
P201, P202, P210, P260, P281, P308+P313, P314, P377, P381, P403, P405, P410+P403, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | ![]() 1 4 2 |
Autoignition temperature | 385 °C (725 °F; 658 K) |
Explosive limits | 2.6 - 21.7% |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) | none[1] |
REL (Recommended) | TWA 1 ppm C 5 ppm[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) | N.D.[1] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ![]() ![]() ![]() Infobox references |
Vinyl fluoride is an organic halide with the chemical formula C2H3F. It is a colorless gas with a faint ether-like odor. It is used as the monomeric precursor to the fluoropolymer polyvinylfluoride.
Production
It was first prepared in 1901 by Frédéric Swarts, the Belgian chemist who was the first to prepare chlorofluorocarbons in 1892. Swarts used the reaction of zinc with 1,1-difluoro-2-bromoethane. It is produced industrially by two routes, one being the mercury-catalyzed reaction of acetylene and hydrogen fluoride:[2]
- HC≡CH + HF → CH2=CHF
It is also prepared from 1,1-chlorofluoroethane:
- CH3CHClF → CH2=CHF + HCl
Safety
Vinyl fluoride is classified as an IARC Group 2A carcinogen (likely to cause cancer in humans).
Additional data
Its critical point is at 54.8 °C (328 K) and 5.24 MPa. Its molecular dipole moment is 1.4 Debye and heat of vaporization is 361 kJ/kg.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0660". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Günter Siegemund, Werner Schwertfeger, Andrew Feiring, Bruce Smart, Fred Behr, Herward Vogel, Blaine McKusick “Fluorine Compounds, Organic” Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2002. doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_349
External links
- US Occupational Safety and Health Administration data sheet
- CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
- Vinyl fluoride data sheet, EnvironmentalChemistry.com
- Vinyl fluoride data sheet, airliquide.com Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
- MSDS Safety data at inchem.org
- Information about its carcinogenity
- v
- t
- e
HF | He | |||||||||||||||||
LiF | BeF2 | BF BF3 B2F4 | CF4 CxFy | NF3 N2F4 | OF OF2 O2F2 O2F | F− | Ne | |||||||||||
NaF | MgF2 | AlF AlF3 | SiF4 | P2F4 PF3 PF5 | S2F2 SF2 S2F4 SF4 S2F10 SF6 | ClF ClF3 ClF5 | HArF ArF2 | |||||||||||
KF | CaF2 | ScF3 | TiF3 TiF4 | VF2 VF3 VF4 VF5 | CrF2 CrF3 CrF4 CrF5 CrF6 | MnF2 MnF3 MnF4 | FeF2 FeF3 | CoF2 CoF3 | NiF2 NiF3 | CuF CuF2 | ZnF2 | GaF3 | GeF4 | AsF3 AsF5 | SeF4 SeF6 | BrF BrF3 BrF5 | KrF2 KrF4 KrF6 | |
RbF | SrF2 | YF3 | ZrF4 | NbF4 NbF5 | MoF4 MoF5 MoF6 | TcF6 | RuF3 RuF4 RuF5 RuF6 | RhF3 RhF5 RhF6 | PdF2 Pd[PdF6] PdF4 PdF6 | AgF AgF2 AgF3 Ag2F | CdF2 | InF3 | SnF2 SnF4 | SbF3 SbF5 | TeF4 TeF6 | IF IF3 IF5 IF7 | XeF2 XeF4 XeF6 XeF8 | |
CsF | BaF2 | * | LuF3 | HfF4 | TaF5 | WF4 WF6 | ReF6 ReF7 | OsF4 OsF5 OsF6 OsF 7 OsF8 | IrF3 IrF5 IrF6 | PtF2 Pt[PtF6] PtF4 PtF5 PtF6 | AuF AuF3 Au2F10 AuF5·F2 | HgF2 Hg2F2 HgF4 | TlF TlF3 | PbF2 PbF4 | BiF3 BiF5 | PoF4 PoF6 | At | RnF2 RnF6 |
Fr | RaF2 | ** | Lr | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
↓ | ||||||||||||||||||
* | LaF3 | CeF3 CeF4 | PrF3 PrF4 | NdF3 | PmF3 | SmF2 SmF3 | EuF2 EuF3 | GdF3 | TbF3 TbF4 | DyF3 | HoF3 | ErF3 | TmF2 TmF3 | YbF2 YbF3 | ||||
** | AcF3 | ThF4 | PaF4 PaF5 | UF3 UF4 UF5 UF6 | NpF3 NpF4 NpF5 NpF6 | PuF3 PuF4 PuF5 PuF6 | AmF3 AmF4 AmF6 | CmF3 | BkF3 | CfF3 | EsF3 | Fm | Md | No |
- AgPF6
- KAsF6
- LiAsF6
- NaAsF6
- HPF6
- HSbF6
- NH4PF6
- LiSbF6
- KPF6
- KSbF6
- LiPF6
- NaPF6
- NaSbF6
- TlPF6
- Cs2AlF5
- Li3AlF6
- K3AlF6
- Na3AlF6
and pseudohalogenides
- BaSiF6
- BaGeF6
- (NH4)2SiF6
- Na2[SiF6]
- K2[SiF6]
- Li2GeF6
- Li2SiF6
- CBrF3
- CBr2F2
- CBr3F
- CClF3
- CCl2F2
- CCl3F
- CF2O
- CF3I
- CHF3
- CH2F2
- CH3F
- C2Cl3F3
- C2H3F
- C6H5F
- C7H5F3
- C15F33N
- C3H5F
- C6H11F
lanthanide, actinide, ammonium
- VOF3
- CrOF4
- CrF2O2
- NH4F
- (NH4)2ZrF6
- CsXeF7
- Li2SnF6
- Li2TiF6
- LiWF6
- Li2ZrF6
- K2TiF6
- Rb2TiF6
- Na2TiF6
- Na2ZrF6
- K2NbF7
- K2TaF7
- K2ZrF6
- UO2F2
- FNO
- FNO2
- FNO3
- KHF2
- NaHF2
- NH4HF2
and iodosyl
- F2OS
- F3OP
- PSF3
- IOF3
- IO3F
- IOF5
- IO2F
- IO2F3