Timeline of Treblinka extermination camp
This article presents the timeline of events at Treblinka extermination camp during the most deadly[1][not specific enough to verify] phase of the Holocaust in World War II.[2][3][4][5] All deportations were from German occupied Poland, except where noted. In most cases the number of deportees are not exact figures, but rather approximations.
Days are listed in chronological order, nevertheless, a number of dates are missing from the below tables which means only that no waybills survived for those particular dates. It does not mean that transports were not arriving or were not processed from layover yards, when applicable.[2]
Day-by-day
Day # | Day of week | Date[2] | Number of deportees | Deported from | Cumulative total deportees | Known deportees | Major Events |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tuesday | July 7, 1942 | Commandant Irmfried Eberl writes to Heinz Auerswald that Treblinka will be ready to start operations on July 11, 1942. | |||||
1 | Wednesday | July 22, 1942 | 6,500 | Warsaw Ghetto | 6,500 | First deportation from Warsaw Ghetto. | |
2 | Thursday | July 23, 1942 | 7,300 | Warsaw | 13,800 | Leon Finkelstein | Treblinka becomes fully operational. |
3 | Friday | July 24, 1942 | 7,400 | Warsaw | 21,200 | ||
4 | Saturday | July 25, 1942 | 7,530 | Warsaw | 28,730 | ||
5 | Sunday | July 26, 1942 | 6,400 | Warsaw | 35,130 | ||
6 | Monday | July 27, 1942 | 6,320 | Warsaw | 41,450 | ||
7 | Tuesday | July 28, 1942 | 5,020 | Warsaw | 46,470 | ||
8 | Wednesday | July 29, 1942 | 5,480 | Warsaw | 51,950 | ||
9 | Thursday | July 30, 1942 | 6,430 | Warsaw | 58,380 | ||
10 | Friday | July 31, 1942 | 6,756 | Warsaw | 65,136 | ||
11 | Saturday | August 1, 1942 | 6,220 | Warsaw | 71,356 | ||
12 | Sunday | August 2, 1942 | 6,276 | Warsaw | 77,632 | ||
13 | Monday | August 3, 1942 | 6,458 | Warsaw | 84,090 | ||
14 | Tuesday | August 4, 1942 | 6,568 | Warsaw | 90,658 | ||
15 | Wednesday | August 5, 1942 | 6,623 | Warsaw | 97,281 | Hillel Zeitlin | |
15 | Wednesday | August 5, 1942 | 30,000 | Radom Ghetto | 127,281 | First train of ghetto liquidation action lasting for two weeks with cumulative number of victims. | |
16 | Thursday | August 6, 1942 | 10,085 | Warsaw | 137,366 | Janusz Korczak and 200 orphans | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 548; Warsaw – Treblinka.[6][7] One of many: |
17 | Friday | August 7, 1942 | 10,672 | Warsaw | 148,038 | A German food giveaway creates a backlog at the loading ramp. Four transports in two days cannot accommodate all the people lining up at the Umschlagplatz for the promised bread, some over several days, such was the hunger.[8] | |
18 | Saturday | August 8, 1942 | 7,304 | Warsaw | 155,342 | ||
19 | Sunday | August 9, 1942 | 6,292 | Warsaw | 161,634 | ||
20 | Monday | August 10, 1942 | 2,158 | Warsaw | 163,792 | ||
21 | Tuesday | August 11, 1942 | 7,725 | Warsaw | 171,517 | ||
22 | Wednesday | August 12, 1942 | 4,688 | Warsaw | 176,205 | Luba Lewin | |
23 | Thursday | August 13, 1942 | 4,313 | Warsaw | 180,518 | ||
24 | Friday | August 14, 1942 | 5,168 | Warsaw | 185,686 | Hanna Katznelson | |
25 | Saturday | August 15, 1942 | 3,633 | Warsaw | 189,319 | ||
26 | Sunday | August 16, 1942 | 4,095 | Warsaw | 193,414 | ||
27 | Monday | August 17, 1942 | 4,160 | Warsaw | 197,574 | ||
28 | Tuesday | August 18, 1942 | 3,926 | Warsaw | 201,500 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 4,000 | Warsaw | 205,500 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 6,500 | Falenica | 212,000 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 7,000 | Otwock | 219,000 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 1,800 | Rembertów | 220,800 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 3,000 | Jadwisin | 223,800 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 3,000 | Radzymin | 226,800 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 2,200 | Wołomin | 229,000 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 700 | Jadów | 229,700 | ||
29 | Wednesday | August 19, 1942 | 5,500 | Parczew | 235,200 | ||
30 | Thursday | August 20, 1942 | 4,000 | Warsaw | 239,200 | ||
30 | Thursday | August 20, 1942 | 21,000 | Kielce | 260,200 | ||
31 | Friday | August 21, 1942 | 3,000 | Warsaw | 263,200 | ||
31 | Friday | August 21, 1942 | 6,120 | Mińsk Mazowiecki Ghetto closure | 269,320 | ||
32 | Saturday | August 22, 1942 | 3,000 | Warsaw | 272,320 | ||
32 | Saturday | August 22, 1942 | 5,000 | Siedlce | 277,320 | ||
32 | Saturday | August 22, 1942 | 3,500 | Łosice | 280,820 | ||
32 | Saturday | August 22, 1942 | 3,800 | Mordy | 284,620 | ||
33 | Sunday | August 23, 1942 | 3,000 | Warsaw | 287,620 | Jankiel Wiernik | |
34 | Monday | August 24, 1942 | 3,000 | Warsaw | 290,620 | ||
35 | Tuesday | August 25, 1942 | 3,002 | Warsaw | 293,622 | Abraham Krzepicki | |
35 | Tuesday | August 25, 1942 | 11,000 | Międzyrzec Podlaski Ghetto | 304,622 | Abraham Goldfarb | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 562; Międzyrzec – Treblinka |
36 | Wednesday | August 26, 1942 | 3,000 | Warsaw | 307,622 | Odilo Globocnik, Christian Wirth and Josef Oberhauser visit Treblinka. Irmfried Eberl is relieved of command. | |
37 | Thursday | August 27, 1942 | 2,454 | Warsaw | 310,076 | 53,750 Warsaw Jews have been deported in the past 15 days.[9] | |
38 | Friday | August 28, 1942 | Unknown | Łuków | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 565; Łuków – Treblinka. Odilo Globocnik temporarily suspends deportations to Treblinka. The gas chambers have continually broken down and the burial pits are overflowing with bodies. The SS resorts to shooting incoming Jews in the arrival area of the camp and piling bodies throughout the camp. In August, Globocnik orders Franz Stangl, commandant of Sobibor, to replace Dr. Irmfried Eberl as commandant of Treblinka. Stangl restores order in the camp and supervises the building of new gas chambers, which are operational in early autumn 1942. Transports of Warsaw and Radom Jews begin to arrive again in September 1942.[10] | ||
41 | Monday | August 31, 1942 | Commandant Irmfried Eberl leaves Treblinka. | ||||
42 | Tuesday | September 1, 1942 | Franz Stangl becomes Commandant of Treblinka II. New, larger gas chambers have been erected to augment older chambers, and commence use. The new chambers are able to kill 12,000 to 15,000 victims every day,[11] with the maximum capacity of 22,000 executions in 24 hours.[12] | ||||
44 | Thursday | September 3, 1942 | 4,609 | Warsaw | 314,685 | Boris Weinberg | Warsaw deportations are restarted. New arrivals are processed the next morning.[13] |
45 | Friday | September 4, 1942 | 1,669 | Warsaw | 316,354 | Kalman and Tema Taigman[14] | |
47 | Sunday | September 6, 1942 | 3,634 | Warsaw | 319,988 | ||
48 | Monday | September 7, 1942 | 6,840 | Warsaw | 326,828 | ||
49 | Tuesday | September 8, 1942 | 13,596 | Warsaw | 340,424 | ||
50 | Wednesday | September 9, 1942 | 6,616 | Warsaw | 347,040 | ||
50 | Wednesday | September 9, 1942 | Unknown | Częstochowa Ghetto | Pinchas Epstein | ||
51 | Thursday | September 10, 1942 | 5,199 | Warsaw | 352,239 | ||
52 | Friday | September 11, 1942 | 5,000 | Warsaw | 357,239 | Jewish-Argentinian inmate Meir Berliner stabs SS-Oberscharführer Max Biala to death in a planned attack. Berliner is then executed by camp officers. | |
53 | Saturday | September 12, 1942 | 4,806 | Warsaw | 362,045 | Abraham Krzepicki escapes. | |
56 | Tuesday | September 15, 1942 | 6,000 | Kałuszyn | 368,045 | ||
56 | Tuesday | September 15, 1942 | 1,000 | Kołbiel | 369,045 | ||
56 | Tuesday | September 15, 1942 | 1,000 | Mrozy/Kuflew | 370,045 | ||
56 | Tuesday | September 15, 1942 | 700 | Siennica | 370,745 | ||
56 | Tuesday | September 15, 1942 | 700 | Stanisławów | 371,445 | ||
56 | Tuesday | September 15, 1942 | 1,000? | Gniewoszów HMM | 372,445 | ||
57 | Wednesday | September 16, 1942 | 6,000 | Jędrzejów | 378,445 | ||
57 | Wednesday | September 16, 1942 | 1,000 | Sędziszów | 379,445 | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 587; Sędziszów – Treblinka | |
57 | Wednesday | September 16, 1942 | 1,500 | Szczekociny | 380,945 | ||
57 | Wednesday | September 16, 1942 | 5,000 | Włoszczowa | 385,945 | ||
57 | Wednesday | September 16, 1942 | 3,000 | Wodzisław | 388,945 | ||
62 | Monday | September 21, 1942 | 2,196 | Warsaw | 391,141 | The last transport from the Polish capital. It includes Jewish police forced to help with deportations throughout Grossaktion Warsaw, and their families.[13] | |
62 | Monday | September 21, 1942 | 2,500 | Skarżysko-Kamienna | 393,641 | ||
62 | Monday | September 21, 1942 | 4,000 | Suchedniów | 397,641 | ||
62 | Monday | September 21, 1942 | sums to 40,000 | Częstochowa Ghetto | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 594; Częstochowa – Treblinka (one of many consecutive transports). The Ghetto clearing took place in three weeks between September 21, 1942, and October 8, 1942. Some 7,000 Jews were deported to Treblinka on this day. Members of the Judenrat were sent from Częstochowa on October 4, 1942 (see below).[15] | ||
63 | Tuesday | September 22, 1942 | 5,800 | Sokołów Podlaski | 403,441 | Itka Wlos | |
63 | Tuesday | September 22, 1942 | 8,300 | Węgrów | 411,741 | ||
63 | Tuesday | September 22, 1942 | 1,100 | Kosów Lacki | 412,841 | ||
63 | Tuesday | September 22, 1942 | 1,100 | Sterdyń | 413,941 | ||
63 | Tuesday | September 22, 1942 | 2,000 | Stoczek | 415,941 | ||
64 | Wednesday | September 23, 1942 | 10,000 | Szydłowiec | 425,941 | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 587 (one of many) | |
67 | Saturday | September 26, 1942 | 5,000 | Siedlce | 430,941 | ||
67 | Saturday | September 26, 1942 | 4,800 | Biała Podlaska | 435,741 | ||
68 | Sunday | September 27, 1942 | 1,240 | Łaskarzew | 436,981 | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 587 | |
68 | Sunday | September 27, 1942 | 13,000 | Kozienice | 449,981 | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 587 | |
70 | Tuesday | September 29, 1942 | 10,000? | Zwoleń[16] | 459,981 | ||
72 | Thursday | October 1, 1942 | 2,000 | Busko-Zdrój | 461,981 | ||
72 | Thursday | October 1, 1942 | 8,000 | Chmielnik | 469,981 | ||
72 | Thursday | October 1, 1942 | 4,000 | Nowy Korczyn | 473,981 | ||
72 | Thursday | October 1, 1942 | 3,000 | Pacanów | 476,981 | ||
72 | Thursday | October 1, 1942 | 3,000 | Pińczów | 479,981 | ||
72 | Thursday | October 1, 1942 | 2,000 | Radzyń | 481,981 | ||
73 | Friday | October 2, 1942 | 3,440 | Parysów | 485,421 | ||
73 | Friday | October 2, 1942 | 3,680 | Sobienie-Jeziory | 489,101 | ||
73 | Friday | October 2, 1942 | 1,640 | Sobolew | 490,741 | ||
73 | Friday | October 2, 1942 | 10,000 | Żelechów | 500,741 | ||
75 | Sunday | October 4, 1942 | continuing | Częstochowa Ghetto | |||
76 | Monday | October 5, 1942 | 7,000 | Łuków | 507,741 | Transports unnumbered. Brothers Zygmunt & Oskar Strawczyński arrive from the Łódź Ghetto. Both escape successfully during the uprising; Oskar wrote down his groundbreaking Ten Months in Treblinka in 1943 while in hiding with the Polish rescuers.[17][18][19] | |
76 | Monday | October 5, 1942 | 1,000 | Terezín Ghetto, Czechoslovakia | 508,741 | ||
76 | Monday | October 5, 1942 | continuing | Częstochowa Ghetto | 548,741 | ||
77 | Tuesday | October 6, 1942 | 800 | Żarki | 549,541 | ||
77 | Tuesday | October 6, 1942 | Unknown | Międzyrzec Podlaski Ghetto | |||
78 | Wednesday | October 7, 1942 | 1,600 | Koniecpol | 551,141 | ||
78 | Wednesday | October 7, 1942 | 2,000 | Łagów | 553,141 | ||
79 | Thursday | October 8, 1942 | 1,000 | Terezín Ghetto, Czechoslovakia | 554,141 | Richard Glazar, Karl Unger, Rudolf Masarek | |
81 | Saturday | October 10, 1942 | 14,000 | Radomsko | 568,141 | ||
82 | Sunday | October 11, 1942 | 11,000 | Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski | 579,141 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 22,000 | Piotrków Ghetto | 601,141 | The "Aktion" at Piotrków lasted for eight days beginning October 14, 1942. The total of 22,000 prisoners were split into four transports which included Jews expelled to Piotrków from Kamieńsk, Przygłów, Sulejów, Srock, Tuszyn, Wolborz and Rozprza. They did not arrive at Treblinka in one day. Among them were Jews from Bełchatów, Kalisz, Gniezno and Płock also deported to Piotrków.[20] Old gas chambers cease operation and are replaced with new. Meanwhile, mass deportations from Bezirk Bialystok had just begun, and continue until February 19, 1943. In the next four months over 110,000 Jews from Bialystok General District (which includes Nazi counties of Bialystok Land, Bielsk, Grajewo, Grodno, Łomża, Sokółka, and Wolkowysk) are deported to Treblinka and annihilated.[21] | |
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 1,500 | Gozdowice, German Reich | 602,641 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 500 | Kamieńsk | 603,141 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 2,000 | Przygłów | 605,141 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 1,500 | Sulejów | 606,641 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 4,500 | Starachowice | 611,141 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 4,000 | Chotcza Nowa | 615,141 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 600 | Ciepielów | 615,741 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 2,000 | Iłża | 617,741 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 3,000 | Lipsko | 620,741 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 2,000 | Sienno | 622,741 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 7,000 | Tarłów | 629,741 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 4,000 | Wierzbnik, German Reich | 633,741 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 1,600 | Iwaniska | 635,341 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 3,300 | Ciechanowice, German Reich | 638,641 | ||
86 | Thursday | October 15, 1942 | 2,000 | Terezín Ghetto, Czechoslovakia | 640,641 | ||
90 | Monday | October 19, 1942 | 2,000 | Terezín Ghetto, Czechoslovakia | 642,641 | ||
91 | Tuesday | October 20, 1942 | 6,500 | Opatów Ghetto | 649,141 | Samuel Willenberg | |
92 | Wednesday | October 21, 1942 | Aron Gelbard escapes. | ||||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 15,000 | Tomaszów Mazowiecki | 664,141 | ||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 4,000 | Biała Rawska | 668,141 | ||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 2,000 | Orszewice | 670,141 | ||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 3,000 | Koluszki | 673,141 | ||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 3,000 | Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą | 676,141 | ||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 3,000 | Opoczno | 679,141 | ||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 4,000 | Przysucha | 683,141 | ||
93 | Thursday | October 22, 1942 | 2,000 | Terezín Ghetto, Czechoslovakia | 685,141 | ||
96 | Sunday | October 25, 1942 | 500 | Osiek | 685,641 | ||
102 | Saturday | October 31, 1942 | 4,000 | Rawa Mazowiecka | 689,641 | ||
102 | Saturday | October 31, 1942 | 2,000 | Żarnów | 691,641 | ||
102 | Saturday | October 31, 1942 | 800 | Ujazd,[22] German Reich | 692,441 | ||
102 | Saturday | October 31, 1942 | 900 | Ćmielów | 693,341 | ||
102 | Saturday | October 31, 1942 | 500 | Kunów | 693,841 | ||
102 | Saturday | October 31, 1942 | 1,600 | Koprzywnica | 695,441 | ||
102 | Saturday | October 31, 1942 | 4,500 | Ożarów | 699,941 | ||
104 | Monday | November 2, 1942 | 4,330 | Siemiatycze | 704,271 | ||
105 | Tuesday | November 3, 1942 | 9,000 | Końskie | 713,271 | ||
105 | Tuesday | November 3, 1942 | 1,000 | Gowarczów | 714,271 | ||
105 | Tuesday | November 3, 1942 | 4,000 | Radoszyce | 718,271 | ||
107 | Thursday | November 5, 1942 | 5,000 | Stopnica | 723,271 | ||
109 | Saturday | November 7, 1942 | 6,000 | Staszów | 729,271 | ||
109 | Saturday | November 7, 1942 | 3,000 | Łuków | 732,271 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,300 | Goniądz | 733,571 | Liquidation of Kielbasin Sammellagger transit camp outside Grodno in the Bezirk Bialystok District, commencing deportation action of up to 28,000 Jews expelled and imprisoned at Kielbasin from 22 surrounding cities and towns of the two sub-districts including Sokolka. The transports arriving at Treblinka started on November 10, 1942, and continued until December 15 for over a month (they did not arrive in one day). The Jews brought for gassing in trains from Kielbasin originated from the following settlements: Goniądz, Trzcianne, Augustów, Grajewo, Rajgród, Szczuczyn, Druskieniki, Jeziory, Lunna, Ostryna, Porzecze, Skidel, Sopockinie, Dąbrowa, Indura, Janow, Krynki, Kuźnica, Korycin, Odelsk, Sidra, Sokółka, Suchowola, and the Grodno Ghetto. Some 9,100 victims among them came from the Borgusze transit camp nearby.[23][24] | |
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,200 | Trzcianne | 734,771 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 2,000 | Augustów | 736,771 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 2,500 | Grajewo | 739,271 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 600 | Rajgród | 739,871 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,500 | Szczuczyn | 741,371 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 500 | Druskininkai, now Lithuania | 741,871 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 2,000 | Jeziory | 743,871 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,500 | Lunna | 745,371 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 2,000 | Ostrynka | 747,371 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,000 | Porzecze | 748,371 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 3,000 | Skidal | 751,371 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 2,000 | Sapotskin, now Belarus | 753,371 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,000 | Dąbrowa Białostocka | 754,371 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 2,500 | Indura | 756,871 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 950 | Janów | 757,821 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 5,000 | Krynki | 762,821 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,000 | Kuźnica | 763,821 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,000 | Korycin | 764,821 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 500 | Odelsk | 765,321 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 350 | Sidra | 765,671 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 8,000 | Sokółka | 773,671 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 5,100 | Suchowola | 778,771 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,500 | Grodno Ghetto, now Belarus | 780,271 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 850 | Jałówka | 781,121 | Liquidation of Volkovysk transit camp. Deportation of up to 16,300 Jews imprisoned temporarily. Similar to the Sammellagger in Kielbasin, the transports began on November 10, 1942, and continued until December 15, 1942, for over a month (none of them arrived in one day). The Jews brought to Treblinka from Volkovysk camp originated from the ghettos in the following settlements: Jałówka, Lyskow, Mosty, Porozow, Roś, Różana, Swislocz, Wolkovysk, and Wolpa.[23][24][25] | |
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 600 | Lyskow | 781,721 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 350 | Mosty | 782,071 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,000 | Porozow | 783,071 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,000 | Ros | 784,071 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 3,000 | Różana | 787,071 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 3,000 | Svislach, now Belarus | 790,071 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 7,000 | Vawkavysk, now Belarus | 797,071 | ||
112 | Tuesday | November 10, 1942 | 1,500 | Wolfa | 798,571 | ||
117 | Sunday | November 15, 1942 | 1,000 | Gniewoszów | 799,571 | ||
122 | Friday | November 20, 1942 | 40 cars | Biala Podlaska | ? | From the communiqué published in January 1943 by the Office of Information of the underground Armia Krajowa, based on the observation of locked freight trains passing through with prisoners destined for Treblinka. Meanwhile, 35 cars with goods were sent to the Third Reich on the way back in five days.[3] | |
123 | Saturday | November 21, 1942 | 40 cars | Bialystok | ? | ||
124 | Sunday | November 22, 1942 | 40 cars | Bialystok | ? | ||
126 | Tuesday | November 24, 1942 | 40 cars | Grodno | ? | ||
132 | Monday | November 30, 1942 | 1,700 | Siedlce | 801,271 | ||
163 | Thursday | December 31, 1942 | According to the Höfle Telegram, the cumulative total of deportees to this date was 713,555, and 10,335 had been deported during the two weeks previous to this date. Substantial quantity of November deportations is not in the report.[3] | ||||
163 | Thursday | December 31, 1942 | Escape from the Totenlager (extermination area) via a tunnel. Only Lazar Sharson successfully escapes. | ||||
169 | Wednesday | January 6, 1943 | 4,000 | Radomsko | 805,271 | ||
173 | Sunday | January 10, 1943 | 6,000 | Sandomierz | 811,271 | ||
176 | Wednesday | January 13, 1943 | 1,500 | Radom Ghetto | 812,771 | ||
176 | Wednesday | January 13, 1943 | 5,000 | Szydłowiec | 817,771 | ||
181 | Monday | January 18, 1943 | 1,200 | Warsaw | 818,971 | ||
181 | Monday | January 18, 1943 | 1,600 | Grodno Ghetto, now Belarus | 820,571 | First stage of Grodno Ghetto liquidation under Kriminalkommissar Heinz Errelis who personally shoots at least 100. Over the course of 5 days, dubbed by the Jews "Operation 10,000" results in a total of some 10,000 Jews sent mostly to Auschwitz through Kielbasin Sammellagger transit camp nearby.[26] | |
182 | Tuesday | January 19, 1943 | 1,200 | Warsaw | 821,771 | ||
183 | Wednesday | January 20, 1943 | 1,200 | Warsaw | 822,971 | ||
184 | Thursday | January 21, 1943 | 1,200 | Warsaw | 824,171 | ||
185 | Friday | January 22, 1943 | 1,200 | Warsaw | 825,371 | ||
188 | Monday | January 25, 1943 | 2,120 | Jasionówka | 827,491 | ||
203 | Tuesday | February 9, 1943 | 10,000 | Białystok Ghetto | 837,491 | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 552; Bialystok – Treblinka | |
208 | Sunday | February 14, 1943 | 4,400 | Grodno Ghetto, Belarus | 841,891 | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 552; Grodno – Treblinka. Final liquidation of the Ghetto, dubbed "Operation 5,000." Victims are sent in three trains agreed on January 15, 1943, by Berlin. An additional train, Pj 165, leaves Grodno for Treblinka on February 16.[27] | |
244 | Thursday | March 11, 1943 | Bulgarian military and police authorities transfer 11,343 Jews from the Bulgarian-occupied Thrace, Macedonia and (Serbian) Pirot to German custody pursuant to a February agreement between the SS and representatives of the Bulgarian government. German SS and police officials deport these Jews to Treblinka, where almost all are gassed or shot upon arrival.[10] | ||||
244 | Monday | March 22, 1943 | 2,338 | Skopje, Bulgaria | 844,229 | ||
247 | Thursday | March 25, 1943 | 2,402 | Skopje, Bulgaria | 846,631 | ||
248 | Friday | March 26, 1943 | Fahrplananordnung Nr. 567; Transport from the Reich | ||||
250 | Sunday | March 28, 1943 | Telegramm; Transports from Bulgaria and Greece to Treblinka | ||||
251 | Monday | March 29, 1943 | 2,404 | Skopje, Bulgaria | 849,035 | ||
272 | Monday | April 19, 1943 | 7,000 | Warsaw | 856,035 | Result of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising | |
283 | Friday | May 1, 1943 | Wegrów | Berek Lajcher, Treblinka revolt leader | Final Wegrów Ghetto liquidation | ||
377 | Monday | August 2, 1943 | Treblinka revolt erupts. Some 300 prisoners performing forced labor – aware that the SS will soon kill them – stage an uprising after the initial date of the revolt set for June 15 was postponed due to grenade detonation at the undressing area. Prisoners quietly seize weapons from the camp armory, set fire to barracks, and storm the main gate. Hundreds attempt to climb the barbed-wire fence, but the SS with Trawniki guards kill two-thirds of them with machine-gun fire. Less than a hundred escape successfully, chased in cars and on horses. Camp deportations and gassing operations halt the following month.[10] | ||||
393 | Wednesday | August 18, 1943 | Białystok Ghetto | Result of the Białystok Ghetto Uprising.[10] Fahrplananordnung Nr. 290; Bialystok – Treblinka. | |||
394 | Thursday | August 19, 1943 | 7,600 | Białystok Ghetto | 863,635+ | 7,600 over the two days. | Last Jewish transport to Treblinka. All of the deportees on the transport are killed upon arrival.[10] |
See also
References
- ^ [author missing] [title missing] Biuletyn Glownej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich W Polsce [volume & issue needed] [Bulletin of the Main Commission for the Investigation of Nazi Crimes in Poland] Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Prawnicze [Legal Publishing House]. 1960. (in Polish)
- ^ a b c Young, Clancy "Treblinka Death Camp Day-by-Day" H.E.A.R.T - Holocaust Education & Archive Research Team. Tables with record of daily deportations. Retrieved 5 November 2015 via Internet Archive
- ^ a b c Arad (1999), p. 356.
- ^ Gutman, Israel (1982). The Jews of Warsaw 1939–43. Brighton: The Harvester Press.
- ^ Donat, Alexander (1979). The Death Camp Treblinka. New York: Holocaust Library.
- ^ Friedländer, Saul (2007). The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939–1945. p. 430.
- ^ Lewin, Abraham (1988). Antony Polonsky, ed. A Cup of Tears: A Diary of the Warsaw Ghetto. Oxford. p. 148.
- ^ Edelman, Marek (November 1945) [First published as monograph in 1945; republished as chapter in an edited work, 1990]. "The Ghetto Fights". The Warsaw Ghetto: The 45th Anniversary of the Uprising. pp. 17–39. Also published as The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
- ^ Jewish Virtual Library, Chronology of Jewish Persecution: 1942 West Bloomfield, MI. Source: Holocaust Memorial Center
- ^ a b c d e Treblinka: Chronology
- ^ Treblinka Death Camp, with photographs Archived 2012-03-22 at the Wayback Machine, Ounsdale, PDF (2.2 MB)
- ^ Sumler, David E. (1973). A history of Europe in the twentieth century. Homewood, Illinois (US): Dorsey Press. p. 250. ISBN 978-0-256-01421-1.
- ^ a b Arad (1999), p. 96.
- ^ BBC History of World War II. Auschwitz; Inside the Nazi State. Part 3, Factories of Death.
- ^ Kuwalek, Robert; Lisciotto, Carmelo (2007). "Czestochowa". H.E.A.R.T. HolocaustResearchProject.org. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
By June 1942 the ghetto's population had increased to around 40–50,000.
- ^ Kraemer, Jolanta (2009). "Zwoleń". In Dean, Martin (ed.). Section III: General Government (Generalgouvernement) – Radom Region. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945. Vol. II: Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe – Part A. Series editor: Geoffrey P. Megargee. Bloomington, Indiana; Washington, D.C.: Indiana University Press; in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 354–356. ISBN 9780253353283. Chapter PDF download – via Project Muse.
- ^ Kerenji, Emil (2014). Jewish Responses to Persecution: 1942–1943. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 46, 53, 76–77. ISBN 978-1442236271. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
- ^ ARC (April 22, 2006). "Strawczynski / Strawczynski, Oscar, Zygmunt, Guta and Abus". Treblinka Roll of Remembrance. DeathCamps.org. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
- ^ Strawczynski, Oscar (1943). "Ten Months in Treblinka! The Oscar Strawczynski Story". H.E.A.R.T 2009. HolocaustResearchProject.org. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
- ^ H.E.A.R.T (2007). "Piotrkow Trybunalski: The First Ghetto in Occupied Poland". HolocaustResearchProject.org. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
- ^ Arad (1999), "Deportations from Bialystok General District and Ostland". p. 134.
- ^ "Ujazd: History". Virtual Shtetl. Museum of the History of Polish Jews; Association of the Jewish Historical Institute of Poland.
- ^ a b "Kielbasin Transit Camp: Cities and Towns Where Those in Kielbasin Came From". Geni.com. 2014. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
- ^ a b Arad (1999), pp. 392–395, 396–397.
- ^ "The German occupation - 4: temporary camp outside the city of Wolkowysk". Liquidation of the Ghettos and the Deportations to the Camps (November 2, 1942 – March 12, 1942). Lost Jewish Worlds. Retrieved May 9, 2014.
- ^ The People vs. Kurt Wiese and Heinz Errelis Accused of Murder. Verdict and Judgment. Cologne District Court, Federal Republic of Germany, June 27, 1968. See: "Operation 10,000" in chapter "Deportation of Jews from Grodno."
- ^ Excerpts from the Bielefelf Trial. Final Verdict. Cologne District Court, Federal Republic of Germany, 1968. See: "Operation 5,000" in chapter "The Final Liquidation and Removal, February 1943."
Works cited
- Arad, Yitzhak (1999). Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard death camps. Bloomington, Indiana (US): Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-585-27817-9. Chapters and appendices cited:
- Chapter 12: "Reorganization in Treblinka". Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard death camps. 1999. pp. 89–99. ISBN 978-0-585-27817-9. p. 96:
Deportations ... were renewed on September 3, and the first transport arrived at the camp the following morning.
- Chapter 18: "Deportations from Bialystok General District and Ostland". Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard death camps. 1999. pp. 130–137. ISBN 978-0-585-27817-9.
- Chapter 43: "Reports about the Death Camps in Polish Wartime Publications". Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard death camps. 1999. pp. 349–359. ISBN 978-0-585-27817-9.
- Appendix A: "Table 3 – Deportations to Treblinka". Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard death camps. 1999. pp. 392–395. ISBN 978-0-585-27817-9.
- Appendix A: "Table 4 – Deportations of the Jews from Bialystok General District to Treblinka". Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard death camps. 1999. pp. 396–397. ISBN 978-0-585-27817-9.
- Extract (tables) also viewable at: "Information about the Deportation Statistics: Deportations to Treblinka". KehilaLinks.JewishGen.org. Tables from: Arad (1999). Retrieved May 9, 2014.
Kelbasin: November 10 – December 15, 1942 (38,900 victims)
- Extract (tables) also viewable at: "Information about the Deportation Statistics: Deportations to Treblinka". KehilaLinks.JewishGen.org. Tables from: Arad (1999). Retrieved May 9, 2014.
- Chapter 12: "Reorganization in Treblinka". Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka: The Operation Reinhard death camps. 1999. pp. 89–99. ISBN 978-0-585-27817-9. p. 96:
Further reading
- Tchorek-Bentall, Samuel (July 24, 2023). "The Banality of Heroism: Marek Edelman and the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising". Los Angeles Review of Books.
- v
- t
- e
- Irmfried Eberl
- 11 July to 26 August 1942
- Franz Paul Stangl
- 1 September 1942 to August 1943
- Kurt Hubert Franz
- August to November 1943
executioners
- Gustav Münzberger
- Fritz Schmidt
- "Ivan the Terrible"
- John Demjanjuk a
- Feodor Fedorenko
- Nikolay Shalayev
- "Trawnikis" a
- Resistance
- Survivors
- General Government
- SS-Totenkopfverbände
- Aftermath
- Memorials
- a Alleged
- b Numbering 90 to 120
- Death camps: Auschwitz-Birkenau
- Belzec
- Chełmno
- Majdanek
- Sobibor
- Treblinka