Tindi language
Northeast Caucasian language
Tindi | |
---|---|
Идараб мицци Idarab mittsi | |
Native to | North Caucasus |
Region | Southern Dagestan |
Native speakers | 2,200 (2010 census)[1] |
Language family | Northeast Caucasian
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | tin |
Glottolog | tind1238 |
ELP | Tindi |
Tindi is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken in the Russian republic of Dagestan. Tindis have no individual designation for their langiage, but those living in the village of Idar [ru] call their language Idarab mitstsi meaning 'the language of the Idar village'. It is only an oral language; Avar or Russian are used in written communication instead.[1] Tindi vocabulary contains many loanwords from Avar, Turkish, Arabic, and Russian.[2] It has approximately 2,150 speakers.[1]
Phonology
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i iː | u uː | |
Mid | e eː | o oː | |
Open | a aː |
Nasalized vowels may also exist as /ĩ, ẽ, ã, õ, ũ/ and as long-nasalized /ĩː, ẽː, ãː, õː, ũː/.
Consonants
Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyn- geal | Glottal | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
central | lateral | central | palatalized | ||||||||||||||
lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | lenis | fortis | ||||||
Nasal | m | n | |||||||||||||||
Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | kː | kʲ | kːʲ | ||||||||||
ejective | tʼ | kʼ | kʼʲ | ʔ | |||||||||||||
voiced | b | d | ɡ | ɡʲ | |||||||||||||
Affricate | voiceless | t͡s | t͡sː | t͡ʃ | t͡ʃː | t͡ɬː | q͡χː | ||||||||||
ejective | t͡sʼ | t͡sːʼ | t͡ʃʼ | t͡ʃːʼ | t͡ɬːʼ | q͡χːʼ | |||||||||||
Fricative | voiceless | s | sː | ʃ | ʃː | ɬ | ɬː | ç | χ | χː | ħ | h | |||||
voiced | z | ʒ | ʁ | ʕ | |||||||||||||
Trill | r | ||||||||||||||||
Approximant | w | l | j |
References
- ^ a b c Tindi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Akiner, Shirin (1986). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-136-14266-6.
- Magomedbekova, Z. M. (2001). "Tindinskij Jazyk". Yazyki mira: Kavkazskie Yazyki. Moskva: Academia. pp. 283–291.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/32px-Incubator-logo.svg.png)
Tindi language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
- The peoples of the Red Book: Tindis
- Grammatika tindinskogo yazyka
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